The Use Of Therapeutic Toys On Children - 1332 Words

At times, an 8-year-old may surprise you with their depth of critical thinking, insightful observation, sophisticated emotions, and a newfound sense of self-confidence. You might see a sassy little girl being very dramatic over â€Å"who writes prettier†, or the young boy claiming â€Å"he can do everything by himself† as he stakes his claim to independence. Growth and development is the qualitative and quantitative changes that occur in each individual. Because it occurs sequentially, nurse can recognize developmental needs in a child. When facing surgery anxiety and fear is commonly felt at any age. However when it is a child facing surgery, finding the necessary means to alleviate their fear and anxiety is left up to the nurse. Nurses must be perceptive, creative, and occasionally ingenious in efforts to decrease a child’s anxiety level and sooth their fears. One proven method to assist the nurse is the use of therapeutic toys Toys and games offer a sense of comfort to any child. At home and at school, eight to nine year old children are learning to jump rope, play tag, skip, and doing anything at allows them to be active and move fast. However, in a hospital, running and jumping is not very conducive. To promote use their fine motor skills, increase creativity, and challenge their problem solving skills the creation of the choice chart was created to provide therapeutic intervention for a child facing surgery. Incorporated in the choice chart are activities thatShow MoreRelatedThe Integrative Intervention Model Of Child Based Play928 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Many traditional family therapists often exclude small children from the therapeutic process† (Wehrman Field, 2013). Although therapists may feel as though conducting a session with children present can be challenging, it is strongly encouraged to do so. The integrative intervention model of child-based play is an effective method in which therapists should use when treating families. Recent research concludes that the â€Å"integration of children and families involved in counseling will benefit theRead MoreChildren Who Are Blind Children1093 Words   |  5 Pagesbehavior children who are blind and children who are sighted. The sighted children are felt more comfortable levels of playing at the earlier age than did the blind children. The blind children felt less uncomfortable with other children who was sighted children, the blind children played tactile auditory games and toys and in simple games. Children were playing important of source of information for children’s sensorimotor, cognitive and social-emotional development. The blind children are the MeasurementRead MoreChildren at Play1475 Words   |  6 PagesChildren At Play: Actual vs. Dramatic One of the signs of early childhood development is the ability to engage in play. Young children (ages 4-6) prefer non structured environments that gives them the â€Å"freedom† to un-limit their play in different settings. Working with preschoolers for over five years, I am fascinated to learn all the different ways children play to learn. I understand every child has their unique talents and skills that makes them individuals. It is important to sketch out differentRead MoreChildren With Autism : A Growing Concern For Parents, Teachers, And Doctors1656 Words   |  7 Pagesfor new therapeutic techniques and strategies has prompted the world of science to help find answers and new ways to engage individuals with autism. Professionals such as speech therapists, behavioral therapists, and teachers have begun to explore the use of robots to help children with autism learn new social and communication skills. These specialized robots are programmed to aid in the development of pragmatics, one of the most common challenges for children with autism. Through the use of robotsRead MoreMelanie Klein1085 Words   |  5 PagesSeptember 1960) was an Austrian-born British psychoanalyst who devised novel therapeutic techniques for children and was particularly interested in the early psychological development that which had a significant impact on child psychology and contemporary psychoanalysis and is still used in present day therapeutic techniques. Klein was the first to use psychoanalysis on young children. She was unique by working with children using toys. Klein is named as one of the co-founders of Object Relations TheoryRead MoreA Brief Note On Sand And Art Play982 Words   |  4 Pages Providing both a sand area and an art area as play centers in a children’s hospital playroom is essential for providing a variety of therapeutic, sensory, child-directed, and developmentally appropriate play activities. Sand and art play can help children of various ages to express themselves, work on their fine motor skills, unleash their creativity, and just be kids while in the unfamiliar and potentially frightening hospital environment (CITE 1). There is evidence that helps to support the functionsRead More Therapeutic Horseback Riding and Children with Autism Developmental Disorders1659 Words   |  7 Pagesdo not develop expressive language typically do not use other modalities to communicate, like pointing or gestures. The last characteristic of the autistic spectrum disorder is having repetitive behaviors or activities. Typically children on the spectrum will play with their toys in an unusual manner, or may prefer only one toy, movie, or activity. Changes in daily sc hedule are hard for children on the spectrum to adapt to; usually these children like the same daily schedule. Bass, Duchowny, and LlabreRead MoreEffects Of Pivotal Response Treatment On Language Expansion1419 Words   |  6 PagesEffects of pivotal response treatment on language expansion in children with autism Stock, Mirenda, and Smith (2013) compared the effectiveness of private group applied behavior analysis (GABA) and pivotal response treatment (PRT) on several domains of development in children with autism spectrum disorder. Progress and effectiveness of treatment was assessed through several measures, such as the Preschool Language Scale, the Merill-Palmer-Revised Scales, the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, theRead MoreThe Public Library Located On Learning Centre Where The Child And The Student Interact ( Burns ) Essay2314 Words   |  10 PagesDESCRIPTION Burns defines the â€Å"therapeutic milieu† as an environment or learning centre where the child and the student interact (Burns, 2006, p. 10). The therapeutic milieu, as discussed in this paper, is the Pickering Public Library located on Glenanna Road in Pickering Ontario. It is right across from the mall, and it is easily accessible. This is a public library for all ages. However, the focus will be the therapeutic milieu that is the children’s service area in the public library. In libraryRead MoreLars and the Real Girl863 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom the community turns out to effect how Lars views Bianca over time, and they unknowingly help Lars grow to have feelings for a real girl named Margot. Community is a very important part of Lars’ healing process. As described in the article A Therapeutic Community, the subject needs to have supporting individuals around so they may express themselves openly. Lars’ Doctor realized this from the beginning and told his Lars Brother that he will have to accept this no matter how hard it is to play along

The General Strain Theory Of Female Delinquency - 1253 Words

theories. A major theory used to explain female delinquency is the general strain theory (GST). According to Bartollas, â€Å"GST explains female delinquency by contending that many females experience harsh discipline, parental rejection, peer abuse, negative secondary school experience, homelessness, and a strong need for money;† these strains can cause females to cope through delinquent behavior (73). The social learning theory also explains female delinquency as â€Å"some females tend to associate with others who provide exposure to delinquent models, reinforce delinquent behaviors, and teach identities that are favorable to delinquency† (Bartollas 74). According to Causes and Correlates of Girls’ Delinquency, â€Å"socializing without specific activities and without guidance or supervision by positive adults—increases the likelihood that delinquent activities will occur† (Zahn 7). This is a significant finding because those female youths who ha ng with the wrong crowd, unsupervised, will often find themselves involved with delinquent behavior, and without activities or positive guidance from adults it is very easy to shift toward delinquent behavior. The last theory which explains female youth delinquency very well is the routine activities theory; this theory is similar to the social learning theory, but it is slightly different. The routine activities theory states that delinquent females â€Å"have less parental supervision, are less tied to their homes and families, are weakly boundedShow MoreRelatedThe General Strain Theory Of Social Psychology1647 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The general strain theory has developed into among the greatest crime theories of social psychology with a fairly developed research body. General Strain Theory is thought to be a strong philosophy, and has gathered a lot of experimental confirmation, and has additionally extended its essential degree by offering clarifications of wonders outside of criminal conduct. There are diverse negative relationships with strain or stress that result in negative emotions along with encouragingRead MoreThe Chicago School Of Sociology1624 Words   |  7 Pagesresearch is to ascertain if the Chicago school of sociology and â€Å"General Strain Theory (GST) share any type of relationship in regards to stress, criminal behavior that leads to crime, negative emotions base on the community in which they reside, and failure to achieve positively valued goals (i.e., status or money) because of their living conditions or environment† (â€Å"Review of the Roots†, n.d.). Literature Review General Strain Theory symbolizes the most significant theoretic developments in criminologyRead MoreThe Revival of the Strain Theory Essay1272 Words   |  6 Pagespresented many theories to serve as such explanations with strain theory being one of them; however, like many other theories, strain theory was pushed aside decades ago. It was not until recently that this theory was given new life by criminologist, Robert Agnew. Robert Agnew introduced this new development as the general strain theory. GST was the first supposition that was not tied to social class or cultural variables as it was in previous implications of Émile Durkheim’s anomie theory. Instead,Read MoreThe Theories Of Crime Causation Essay1414 Words   |  6 Pages Theories of Crime Causation Dolores Jackson Williams Colorado Technical University Juvenile offender 1. Biological theory states that the individual will have certain traits will be transmitted from parent to children through genetics and not from social learning. Along with the juvenile having similar facial characteristics, which some believe also predisposes them to criminal behavior (Palmerin, 2012). 2. Rational choice theory states that the person will make sensible and reasonableRead MoreAlbert Cohens Meaning Of Delinquent Subcultures1463 Words   |  6 PagesCohen’s work on delinquent subcultures was influenced by Robert Merton and Edwin Sutherland as he was student of both. Cohen draws on Merton’s strain theory as an underlying theory to develop his understanding on delinquent subculture within inner city neighborhoods. Cohen’s text Delinquent Boys: The Culture of the Gang (1955) was first of the subcultural theories of crime aimed at explaining the emergency of delinquent subculture and how one can get to the root of the issue. According to Cohen, the ideaRead MoreGender Differences Within Juvenile Status Offenses1650 Words   |  7 Pages18 such as skipping school or running away from home. Other examples include curfew violations, possession and consumption of alcohol, and possession and use of tobacco. Theories such as the labeling theory and Rober t Agnew’s General Strain Theory attempt to explain why females commit juvenile status offenses. Additional theories attempt to explain their treatment in the juvenile justice system such as the Chivalry Hypothesis. Based on the rising rates of status offenses for girls and the unique factorsRead MoreThe General Strain Theory, And General Integrated Theory853 Words   |  4 PagesThis final theory is an extension of Hirschi s (1979) original idea of micro and macro dimensions which are called cross-level or multilevel integrations (Barak, 2002). The general strain theory is also known as cross-level or multilevel integrations including the reintegrative shaming theory, power control theory, control balance theory and general integrated theory (Barak, 2002). These theories combine theories like social bonding and social learning theories with structural theories such as socialRead MoreSocial Strain Theory And Criminal Offending2718 Words   |  11 PagesIntroduction Social Strain Theory and criminal offending are seen by most theorist as a way of understanding what could be the causes of youth committing crimes. Theorist are very concern if social strain theory really does have the answer to why this is happening, but they also believe that the result may be inconclusive, because of all the different variables and independent variables that could be used in their research. We will take a look at this theory, and see if they and ask our participantsRead MoreClassic Strain Theory Essays1443 Words   |  6 PagesClassic Strain Theory, as introduced and defined by Robert Merton, is a Social Structure Theory used to help explain the effect one’s community, most notably lower class areas, has on their ability to achieve predetermined goals, usually considered culturally normal. Merton theorized that all people in a various culture and social structure have similar values, goals, and norms. He stated that within this social structure there are individuals who come from affluent upbringing and are therefore moreRead MoreThe Boyz N The Hood Based On Criminology Concept Of The General Strain Theory1622 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In this paper, I will analysis the film Boyz N the Hood based on and around the criminology concept of the General Strain Theory. The film Boyz N the Hood depicts a story about an African-American boy growing up in â€Å"the hood† of South Central LA. South Central is a place where on average 1 out of 21 African American men will be die as a result of â€Å"the streets†. African Americans within the African-American community are more susceptible to becoming a casualty to gang affiliation and

The Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On College Students Essay

Sleep deprivation is a frequent obstacle that many college students in America face. Insomnia in college students can have an immense impact on psychological and physical health, which greatly influence academic success. Research shows that 70% of college students qualify as sleep deprived. Sleep deprivation has also been linked with several diseases/disorders, including: depression, anxiety, and obesity. Our research question investigated how sleep deprivation in college students affects them physiologically and psychologically. The participants included college students that are at least 18 years of age. Researchers distributed 200 surveys to college students in a rural community. The survey determined the student’s sleep habits and how their sleep affects their physiological and psychological health. Our research hypothesis was that out of all the 200 students surveyed, the majority or at least 45% of the students said they suffer from sleep disturbances that affect their s chool and personal lives. Our results concluded that 125 students (62.5%) feel like the hours of sleep they receive affects their psychological health more than their physiological health. However, 50 students felt that the hours of sleep they receive affects their physiological health more than their psychological health. Around 72% of the students surveyed felt that their psychological health was more affected by the hours of sleep they receive a night per week than their physiologicalShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On College Students1217 Words   |  5 Pages Although acquiring the basic amount of sleep seems to be an easy task, college students are struggling to snag even a couple hours of sleep, thus significantly affecting their four domains of development during a crucial developmental period in their lives. College students are going through the development period, Emerging Adulthood, which is from the ages of 18 to 25 years old. During this period of time, adolescents tend to focus on their self-development and discover their identity and the fourRead MoreThe Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On College Students987 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Sleep is an incredibly important physiological action that functions as a period of growth, repair, rest, and relaxation for the human body (â€Å"Sleep,† 2015). As a population, college students are notorious for their skewed sleep patterns and their overall lack of getting the sufficient number of hours of sleep they need to perform optimally in school. Cramming the night before exams by pulling an â€Å"all-nighter† as well as the overall excessive number of distractions that present themselvesRead MoreThe Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On College Students908 Words   |  4 PagesCauses of Sleep Deprivation Insufficient and irregular sleep has been rated the top impediment to college students’ academic performance (Ye, Johnson, Keane, Manasia, Gregas, 2015). Although it is documented that for centuries students’ academic performance has been negatively affected by sleep disturbance, college students continue to have irregular sleep schedule and undergo self-imposed sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation in college-age students tend to occur for multiple different reasons. SomeRead MoreEffects Of Sleep Deprivation On College Students1587 Words   |  7 PagesA great deal of students experience issues related to sleep when coming to college. These issues in sleep can be related to stress, going out and coming home late, or difficulties in adjusting to the college life. There are many ways college students are able to seek help for their difficulties in sleep. Sleep deprivation cannot only cause fatigue but also health issues such as a weakened immune system. College is said t o be one of the best times of someone’s life, but with sleep difficulties itRead MoreThe Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On College Students1448 Words   |  6 Pagesyou haven’t answered half of the questions as the professor exclaims, â€Å"Time’s up!† Sleep deprivation is a reoccurring issue on college campuses. Many students are unaware of the effects of sleep deprivation, because they believe that they are invincible and that they don’t need any sleep to function throughout the day. We should become aware of the mental and physical effects of sleep deprivation in college students, because by becoming aware of the issues, solutions can be established to reduce theRead MoreThe Effects Of Sleep Deprivation Among College Students3363 Words   |  14 Pages The Effects of Sleep Deprivation among College Students: A Psychological and Sociological Approach Integrative Project: Final Submission Synthia Paramathypathy Marianopolis College Sleep plays a major role in people s lives. Evidence has shown that enough sleep promotes good health and well-being (Ojikutu, R. 2010). It plays a key role in maintaining a healthy brain function,in helping to establish emotional well-being, and in improving overall health since it repairs the heart and bloodRead MoreThe Effect Of Sleep Deprivation On Academic Performance Of College Students Essay2242 Words   |  9 PagesThe Effect of Sleep Deprivation on the Academic Performance of College Students Sleep is something that every human experiences nearly every night. It is essential for achieving personal wellness, similar to how a nutritious diet and exercise are needed in order to be healthy. However, the stereotype of college students sometimes staying awake extremely late at night in order to finish their assignments still persists. This is a very unhealthy lifestyle choice if it is done repeatedly. In order forRead MoreSleep Deprivation Persuasive Speech1577 Words   |  7 PagesSpeech for Students’ Chronic Sleep Deprivation Introduction: A. Attention Getting Opening: Over the past ten to twenty years, academic demands placed upon college students have increased significantly, this has lead to an increase in workload and amount of time needed to study for a specific course. Today, college students represent the most sleep-deprived division of the population in the U.S. (Sleep and Memory). According to Gayla Martindale, 63% percent of the students who attend college do notRead MoreSleep Deprivation Essay1183 Words   |  5 PagesSleep is a necessity that people require to live a healthy lifestyle, and to partake in daily activities. Sleep is something that improves concentration, physical health, and provides energy. Steve Jobs once said, â€Å"For you to sleep well at night, the aesthetic, the quality, has to be carried all the way through.† Steve Jobs is proclaiming that to receive the full benefits of sleep, people must sleep the recommended hours. College students continue to undergo a lack of sleep as they persist throughRead MoreSleep Deprived College Students ( All Nighters )1556 Words   |  7 PagesAlyssa Arce Comm 150 Professor Matos January 25, 2016 Sleep Deprived College Students (All-Nighters) I. Intro a. Attention Getter: The famous â€Å"all-nighter†, where college students stay up all night studying, and preparing for a midterm, or even a final, in hopes to get an A. As a class we’ve all probably did an all-nighter once in our academic career to obtain the grades we want. However, according to ABC news, an article by Gillan Mohney, published in 2015, states that a person with blood-alcohol

The Potential Impacts of Upcoming High-Stakes Testing on...

This research was both preliminary and exploratory, with intent to explore the effects of standardized tests in the area of teaching and learning science. The purpose of the research was clearly stated under a sub-heading. The goal was to collect data to indicate teachers’ perceptions and concerns about the high-stakes standardized science testing being implemented in the elementary school. Data of a qualitative nature was collected through surveys. Data about previous standardized testing instruments used in the district and a rationale and brief history of the teaching of science in the district was presented first. A significant amount of primary research regarding standardized testing, test preparation activities, science teaching†¦show more content†¦They used a sample of 10 suburban Florida schools within one district. These schools were selected due to accessibility and ability to obtain permission from principals and school boards. The researchers also believed that using schools from one district would decrease variability that might exist due to local policies. There were 100 teachers given samples with 38% returning valid responses. It was noted that the limited sample was problematic. The sample represented teachers teaching 1st to 5th grade, with 1 to 10 years of experience (with an average of 7.6 years), and educational backgrounds including all with undergraduate degrees in education, twelve with masters degrees, 2 with additional specialists degrees, and one participant with a doctoral degree. Data was collected using a questionnaire that was designed by the researchers. The procedures used to create this instrument were not included in the study. However, it was noted that time was a factor that prevented piloting and validation of the questionnaire. Details of the instrument included that it was a three-part instrument with 16 questions. Part I asked for demographic information and part II was designed to collect data on frequency and methods of teaching science and their own perceptions of their preparedness to teach science effectively. Part III was open ended and required teachers to elaborate on areas of concern in regard to impending standardizedShow MoreRelatedStrategy Safari by Mintzberg71628 Words   |  287 Pagesits many different tendencies, not the isolation of each. To enrich the experience of this safari, we hope to follow up with a Guidebook. We have also prepared an Instructor s Manual to facilitate the use of this rather unconventional book in the cla ssroom. We owe many thank-yous. Bob Wallace of The Free Press must be especially singled out. In the musical chairs world of publishing these x EMBARKATION days, to be able to work with someone of his caliber, dedication, and experience is mostRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pages Contemporary Issues in Management Accounting Edited by ALNOOR BHIMANI 1 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With oYces in Argentina Austria Brazil ChileRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesFoundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change and Stress Management 577 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 ManagementRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesManager: Kelly Warsak Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Ilene Kahn Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik Interior Design: Suzanne Duda and Michael Fruhbeis Permissions Project Manager: Shannon Barbe Manager, Cover Visual Research Permissions: Karen Sanatar Manager Central Design: Jayne Conte Cover Art: Getty Images, Inc. Cover Design: Suzanne Duda Lead Media Project Manager: Denise Vaughn Full-Service Project Management: Sharon Anderson/BookMasters, Inc. Composition: IntegraRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesThis online teaching and learning environment integrates the entire digital textbook with the most effective instructor and student resources With WileyPLUS: Students achieve concept mastery in a rich, structured environment that’s available 24/7 Instructors personalize and manage their course more effectively with assessment, assignments, grade tracking, and more manage time better study smarter save money From multiple study paths, to self-assessment, to a wealth of interactive visual

Is war ever justified Free Essays

Wars can be justified through the utilitarian theory and cost benefit analysis. These are dependent on whether the intention of the war is right and the cause for the war is just. Further, wars are only justified when other forms of conflict management have been tried and have failed. We will write a custom essay sample on Is war ever justified or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are many types of war, however this essay will focus on military war in particular. Utility Theory and Just War The theory of utility is one way to justify war. The utilitarian approach is defined as the pursuit of the greatest good of society for the greatest number f people in society. There are two branches of utility theory – act and rule. Act utilitarianism looks closely at the Consequences of the act Of war in order to justify engaging in war. Rule utilitarianism will only condone war when the reason for entering a war is just in itself, is based on good intentions and not for selfish reasons. In essence, act utilitarianism can be summarized as the ends justifying the means, while rule utilitarianism can be summarized as genuine intentions justifying the means. For instance, the Allied Forces declaring war on Germany’s invasion of their gibbous as well as on their anti-Semitic activities is an example of utilitarianism in action. The declaration of war was to prevent further harm to the world even if it did mean a significant loss to the Allied Forces by engaging in such actions. The end of the German terror as well as the protection Of the persecuted justified the means through which this was achieved. The distinction between act and rule utilitarianism while easily distinguishable in theory, is much harder to apply in real life. The example given above can be categorized under both types of utility theory. The protection of a large persecuted number of people justified entering into war against the anti- Semitic administration in Germany. Viewing it in this manner allows rule utilitarianism to come into play. At the same time, looking at the consequences of war -? which would be the saving of not only Jews, but also the prevention of invasion of other countries in Europe allows act utilitarianism to justify the Allied Forces declaration on war on Nazi Germany. Utility theory does run the risk of being manipulated and abused and has been used by terrorists and Islamic fundamentalists to justify the use of rower and force for â€Å"jihad† or what they call, â€Å"holy war†. However, it must be noted that utility theory condones war only if it causes the greatest good for the greatest number of society. Even if â€Å"jihad† is considered to be the greatest good, it is only from the perspective of a select few people with biased opinions. Hence, a terrorist’s justification of war via utility theory cannot be said to be a true justification at all. Be it act or rule utilitarianism, so long as the ends result in the greatest good for the largest number of people in society and are made with the best intentions in mind, war is justified. Cost-benefit Analysis and Just War The benefits should outweigh the costs in order to justify engaging in war. Cost-benefit analysis is a way of weighing the strengths and weaknesses of alternatives. It helps us determine whether an approach was worth the adoption and practice in terms of benefits in labor, time, Cost savings and so on. It is largely considered an economic analysis and is an approach that can be taken when determining whether a war is justified because of the high socio-economic costs involved in war. A good way to go about analyzing this would be to look at a case study of the Iraq war. The Gulf war resulted in 220,000 Iraqi casualties and a few hundred thousand wounded Iraqis. The costs of war amounted to 6 trillion US dollars. These numbers are neither small nor insignificant. The benefits, however, are the exact opposite. As far as tangible benefits go, the Iraqi economy saw a slight growth in its GAP since the end of the war. Part of this, is a windfall due to high oil prices but if the war had not taken place, oil sanctions imposed on Iraq would have severely curtailed Iraqi oil sale. This would have further crushed the already dying economy pre-war. Of course, since Cost-Benefit analysis is primarily economic in nature, on paper, the growth in Iraq’s GAP is touted by pro-war candidates as being worth the effort. However it would be ridiculous to imagine that Iraq’s economy would have grown enough to cover the costs of war even, much less to actually grow enough to recover and sustain the country post-war. Further, as cost-benefit analysis also should include some elements of intangibility, one must take note Of the accessory costs that came along with the war. Besides the devastation and disease that struck Iraq, neighbors Iran also saw acceleration in its nuclear programmed because it saw that as the only way to prevent an imminent US invasion. This is not good for the global economy because it makes the Middle East a very dangerous place. Further, there is a high continuing rate of violence in Iraq because society sees it as the only form of protection for them. Of course, regime change and the demise of Sadism Hussein must be considered in the benefit analysis but despite that, Iraq is still in shambles -? both economically as well as socially. Overall, a cost-benefit analysis allows us another opportunity to evaluate a war and to decide if it can be justified. In the example of Iraq, we can see how it can be used to prove that it cannot be justified. Counter argument However, despite these two analytical methods of justifying war, they come with a caveat. The caveat being that they are only used to justify war when negotiations have failed between parties; all peaceful methods have been already exhausted and war is the final and only option available to them. Unfortunately, this is not always the case. Many a time, countries prepare for war while negotiations are ongoing. Worse still, they may not even engage in any peaceful forms of collaboration or settlement at all. The notions of war always remain at the back of countries’ minds. The Cold War may seem like a successful instance where there were no missiles or bombs unloaded on either the USSR or the US. However, there was a war nonetheless and a war which lasted 30 years. Despite supposed ‘peaceful’ negotiations between the two superpowers, the thought of missile warfare was always at the back of their minds. It would not be far-fetched to imagine that this severely impacted the success Of their discussions. One cannot fully and calmly negotiate with a finger on the trigger. It was merely a combination of luck, timing and the right set of leaders that prevented the outbreak of a disastrous third world war. Conclusion War can be justified through two methods – utility theory and cost-benefit analysis. These allow an intangible and tangible account of the ways in which a war can be explained as being necessary. How to cite Is war ever justified, Essays

Management of IT Systems and Projects for Triple Constraints

Question: Discuss about theManagement of IT Systems and Projects for Triple Constraints. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this report is to critically analyze the importance of project management system in an organization. This will be based on a case study, Denver International Airport Baggage Handling System An illustration of ineffectual decision making. The report will also consider other illustration of a projected management system using the concept of triple constraints. Typically, project management refers to a process of organizing ideas, resources, decisions, and strategies so as to achieve goals and objectives set by management (Dann Dann, 2007 p.56). Some of the requirements in project management include skilled human resources, proper time management, materials and ability to meet costs in a project. If all these factors are integrated, then goals and objectives of a project will be achieved. Issues of Project Management in the Case Study From the case study, the company was using information technology to facilitate baggage handling. The company was among the first to use information technology in project management. However, it was not possible to meet the objectives due to several constraints that took place in the course of project execution. First, Denver underestimated the complexity of their project. This was a bad move the company made at that time. Any project needs to be executed without underestimating the requirements (Reece Walker, 2007 p.78). It is very important to ensure the process is scheduled extensively to avoid delays and other constraints. Second, Denver failed to incorporate proper planning systems when changing strategies. For that reason, the company could not succeed in the project. Planning is key to any project. Without proper skills in project management, many companies end up making inconsistent decisions (Cocca Alberti, 2012 p.186-200). This affects the strategies used in project execu tion. Therefore, it is important to use proper projects management skills so as to make viable decisions on what needs to be done. Information Technology in Project Management Denver used information technology that failed to deliver the core purpose of the project. For that reason, we formulate how technology can be applied in project management. First, information technology enhances storage and recovery of huge quantities of information and data regarding the project. Denver should have applied information technology to retrieve relevant data. Thus, the company would have managed to reduce risks in the project. Again, information technology is used in project management to improve the performance of the project as well as a gain competitive advantage. This technology is also very applicable to developing project designs (Dann Dann, 2007 p.56). Denver should have used this technology to come up with unique designs for handling baggage. In addition, information technology applies different project management software to facilitate execution of complex phases in project execution process. In this case study, the company underestimated the complexity of the project. Use of project management software would have enabled the company to execute complex tasks. Triple Constraints In this section, we consider the importance of using various examples of triple constraints in project management. It is important to note that all projects are carried out using certain constraints. Typically, these constraints relate to time, scope and cost (Dann Dann, 2004 p.34). They are called triple constraints. First, we consider cost. A proper budget is required in order to execute the project successfully. This facilitates proper delivery of new product or service as per the objectives of the project. For example, costs may go beyond the budget of a project if more workers are added. For example, an automobile engineering project was shut down when the costs exceeded the budget. This was attributed to the low quality produced by the company. Again, we consider time as part of triple constraints. If you reduce the time for a project, it is important to reduce the scope of the project (Fletcher, 2012 p.98). You will be forced to increase the costs. For example, a company producing new mobile handset was to meet customers demand on delivery time. The company was forced to increase more workers so as to meet the schedule set by customers. Lastly, we consider scope. The scope of a project needs to be defined before executing a project. When the scope is increased, it is also important to increase time and cost (Daft, 2015 p.56). For example, a software development company was asked by customers to increase some features. The company was forced to increase delivery time and other costs. References Cocca, P., Alberti, M. (2012) A framework to assess performance measurement systems in SMEsInternational Journal of Productivity and Performance Management,59(2), pp: 186-200. Daft, R.L. (2015) Management South-Western College Pub. Dann, S., Dann, S. (2004)Strategic Internet marketing Brisbane: John Wiley Sons. Dann, S., Dann, S. (2007) Competitive marketing strategy Frenchs Forest, NSW: Pearson Education. Fletcher, F. (2012) Business Problem Solving Routledge. Reece, I. Walker, S. (2007) Teaching, training learning: a practical guide. 6th ed. London: Business Education Publishers Limited.

Social Networks on Organisational Performance †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Social Networks on Organisational Performance. Answer: Introduction: generation it is really difficult to imagine business enterprises operating without internet. Due to the presence of internet we are able to book tickets online, shop and make reservation, furthermore, we can also negotiate. Business organization are undergoing massive transformation brought about by the new technologies. Emergence of social media have revolutionized how business processes are being carried out today. Social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, twitter, YouTube, LinkedIn and other platforms have totally change the way businesses carry out their daily activities and majorly their interaction with customers. This extra ordinary revolution has been brought about by the internet. And just to be factual, it is bringing such a massive impact to every business.[1] In this generation, however, you may not miss out on some business owners and company CEOs who totally have no idea on the impact of social media. According to Pew Internet project, three quarters of online adults are now using social media. In addition, it has been stated that on average a customer/ social media user logs in 1.7 hours a day that is equivalent to 12 hours a week. Due to this, research states that currently social media drives traffic to the websites more than search engines. It would be absurd to find business enterprises not indulging in social media knowing that both the customers and their competitors are using them. [2] Boost juice is a fast food business in Australia and lately it has been really using social media to reach to its customers massively. The statistics and analysis of their social media presence is as follows: To increase these statistics Boost is currently carrying out a contest on social media called what is your game. In this game, participants register into the draw using their name and emails and each person who shares that name is rewarded with a free Boost Juice. It looks really simple but it has proven to be absolutely effective.[3] The following are some of the ways which have made Boost Juice social media presence noticeable: Two Way Communication- customer interaction with Boost juice is awesome. They utilize a communication tone that that reflects that of their fans and target market. This type of conversation makes their brand so lively thus, capturing their fans attention. Reengaging customers by carrying out the what is your name challenge they are involving fans who havent visited them for a while and giving them the desire to come buy them again. Building an Email List when fans register into the contest, Boost Juice gets their email addresses which they can later use to inform and market their products to their fans. This has led to enhancing the interaction points between them and their fans. Customers not only notice their presence on Facebook but also on mail box. Social Media Channels that Boost Juice are Using Facebook- this is the most popular social media channel that Boost has subscribed to. Currently Boost have over half a million subscribers on their Facebook page. This channel allows Boost to upload pictures, share videos and products available to their fans. (Brown, 2012). Twitter- this is a microblogging channel that Boost is also showing some immense presence. Currently it has over 40000 followers. Google+- Boost have 21000+ subscribers on their google plus channel. Thus can reach over 21000 fans on their emails. LinkedIn- this social channel is majorly dominated by business society. Boost has a profile with this social channel Instagram- on their Instagram account, Boost have over 65000 followers. This channel facilitates Boost Juice to share photos and videos about their products. Theory of Communication on marketing Plan Using Social Media Boost can largely benefit for using social media as a marketing strategy. One should understand believability levels that attach themselves to the contents of social media before launching your effort on social media channels. Depending on how you engage with your clients on social media you can either take your business to a higher level or bring it down. Rules of marketing in such a marketing platform are dictated by the customers. [4] Putting up information about the products and services you are offering sometimes raises suspicion on the potential customers because it is you who owns the content. When you put up owned content on your website or social media channels one should back it up with facts and claims so as to reduce the level of suspicion. You should develop a platform on the website for the customers to give and post their opinions.[5] Customers get to believe information that they get from a third party about your business. These third parties include reviewers, Journalists and bloggers whom you dont pay but gives out a positive word about the business. It is important to let such parties derive their own conclusion on the subject matter about the business. Social media will aid them in getting the important information about the business.[6] It is important to ensure that you give feedback to your customers at all times. It should be relevant and addressing their issues. Social media gives you the chance to interact with you customers and thus, you can interact with them as a large group rather than a direct message to individual customer. This theory of two-way communication can be a very useful tool in marketing. [7] Social Analytics Using Simply Measured Simply Measured is a social analytics tool that is used to conduct evaluation of social channel engagements and usability by a business. This tool helps companies to enhance their performance by identifying the channels to focus on and what type of products and events that customers like based on the analysis and report generated. This tool can be used to perform Facebook analytics, competitive analytics, LinkedIn analytics, Instagram analytics, twitter analytics and YouTube analytics. Some of the features provided by this tool include: Simply measure can be used to easily and quickly measure and analyze daily engagement using a unified cross-channel platform and one can perfume some deep analysis when needed. Simply Measured tool can sort out the analytics depending on the content, profiles, media type, hashtags, comments and many more aspects. In order for one to determine when and where to engage most, one can just click on spikes. This is a functionality provided by Simply Measured that is used to compare social media presence with competitors. Using this tool Boost can easily compare it influence on social media against that of its rivals in the same industry. Boost can use this feature to customize its posts on social media channels such as Instagram, twitter, Facebook and others so as to easily carry out engagement analysis on particular posts by ether marketing, events, campaigning, product promotion and many more. This tool can help in evaluation and reporting on the event performance, identification of areas to be optimized, and report progress to stakeholders. Simply Measured has a very enhanced reporting tool that you can just add stakeholder email addresses to the account and reports will be sent directly to them. Thus, there is no need to report rather convert the time to do other activities. Also scheduled automatic reporting feature aids stakeholders in making timely decisions. Boost Juice Facebook fan Page Social Media Analysis Report Using Simple Measured The following are some of the analytics generated by Simply Measured: Facebook Fan Page Scorecard for Boost Juice(09/22/2017 - 10/06/2017) OVERVIEW Current Period Metric 9/22/2017 - 10/6/2017 Total Engagement 5,149 Total Page Fans 0 # of Brand Posts 8 AUDIENCE Current Period Metric 9/22/2017 - 10/6/2017 Total Page Fans 0 New Fans 0 Audience Growth N/A ENGAGEMENT Current Period Metric 9/22/2017 - 10/6/2017 Total Engagement 5,149 Likes 2,470 Comments 2,484 Shares 195 Engagement Per Post 643.6 BRAND POSTS Current Period Metric 9/22/2017 - 10/6/2017 # of Brand Posts 8 Status Posts 0 Link Posts 0 Photo Posts 2 Video Posts 6 USER POSTS Current Period Metric 9/22/2017 - 10/6/2017 # of User Posts 51 Engagement on User Posts 146 % of Total Page Engagement 2.76% Facebook Fan Page Scorecard (09/22/2017 - 10/06/2017) OVERVIEW Current Period Metric 9/22/2017 - 10/6/2017 Total Engagement 5,149 Total Page Fans 0 # of Brand Posts 8 Total Sentiment Score 0.00% AUDIENCE Current Period Metric 9/22/2017 - 10/6/2017 Total Page Fans 0 New Fans 0 Audience Growth N/A ENGAGEMENT Current Period Metric 9/22/2017 - 10/6/2017 Total Engagement 5,149 Likes 2,470 Comments 2,484 Shares 195 Engagement Per Post 644 Avg. Sentiment of User Comments 0.00% BRAND POSTS Current Period Metric 9/22/2017 - 10/6/2017 # of Brand Posts 8 Status Posts 0 Link Posts 0 Photo Posts 2 Video Posts 6 USER POSTS Current Period Metric 9/22/2017 - 10/6/2017 # of User Posts 51 Engagement on User Posts 146 % of Total Page Engagement 2.76% Avg. Sentiment of User Posts 0.00% Table 1: Facebook Fan Page Scorecard for Boost Juice How Boost Juice Use Social Media Channels Customer Relationship Management- Boost is utilizing social media to strengthen their relationship with fans. For example, the what is your name challenge has helped increase online interaction with the already existing customers and the potential fans. By sharing information about their products, Boost can benefit when customers share such information with other individuals thus expanding the customer territory. To increase the strength of customer relationship, the customer engagement rate should be high. [8] Customer Retention- Research states that 67% of twitter brand followers are more likely to be users of the brand. Boost are currently using twitter massively to share product values, enhance business-customer relationship and facilitate positive word of mouth. Therefore, this improves efforts of enhancing customer loyalty. [9] Client Base expansion- Boost juice organization reach new clients by conveying corporate message using channels of social media, through the broadcast of positive responses of their clients in regard to the corporate messages and the organization goods used by many Facebook and Twitter users, and performing product purchases through conversion of their responses. Efforts of traditional marketing like broadcast advertisements and print are complemented by third-party endorsement broadcasts. [10] Market Research- Boost turn conversations of social media into business advantage. The organization use social media to look for lifestyle, views and culture that influences the behavior of the customer. It uses channels of social to get information of a target audience to aid in development of market and advertisement strategies. Through conversations in the social media, the company also get alerted to issues that may bring a negative impact to their existing market opportunities. [10] Product Marketing- Boost use social media to directly market their product to the consumer. This kind of marketing technique magnifies messages sent by other product promotions such as press releases and website advertisements.[11] Competitive Advantage achievement- Boost company is active in several channels of social media like Facebook and Twitter. As such, the organization is able to listen to a message of the competitor and therefore enabling it in development of business tactics and strategies that counters directly the initiatives of the competitor. This assist the organization achieve a competitive advantage. [12] Initiatives of Cost Control channels of social media are relatively cheap and a company can market their products to millions of consumers using these platforms. As such, these channels help Boost company to manage important functions cost such as customer service, sales and marketing. The organization maximizes its return on marketing dollars by depending on social media platforms to get hold of their clients rather than incurring more cost on advertisements and televisions. [13] Public Relations- Boost organization convey corporate news in real time to their audience using several platforms of social media such as LinkedIn, Facebook and Twitter. As such audience engagement is improved which is a way of preventing bad news from going viral.[14] Sales- Boost increases their sales by adding functions of social media to their corporate websites. For instance, ratings of customer product, creating fan and emailing friends options are methods used to engage users of their website. This leads to engagement of the company and the user thus contributing to increased sales of product. [15] Recruiting- Boost organization uses platforms of social media to reach directly to employees who are potential thus reducing cost and time that could be used to look for employees in other means. As such, the company determines if a program of recruitment reproduce potential employees through responses the organization receives in regard to the advertised positions and program of recruitment itself. [16] Conclusion From the above analysis on Boost Facebook fan page, the business can benefit from social media in the following ways: Boost organization get a clear understanding of their clients and the customers are able to share their ideas and opinions since they know that the organization is listening to them. The organization is also able to receive customers opinion and facilitate networking. Through channels of social media Boost is able to respond instantly to customers concern, grievances and questions. This assures the customers that they can get assisted with their problems the earliest. As such, the customers help in recommending the brand to other people. Also it can be used to promote and market their product which minimizes cost especially when the company is undergoing on a fixed marketing budget. Platforms such as Pintrest, Facebook and Twitter allow Boost to pass their content without any cost thus making social media an affordable channel of advertisement. [17] Boost Juice is able to connect to their clients in terms of changing resources, preferences and lifestyle and adapting to the change of their customers interest. The organization is also able to deal with dynamic interests and enhance innovation on their marketing campaign. They can also use social media channels to increase awareness of their brand among clients. This is through building their image. Boost is largely exposed to the social media and thus causing traffic into the organization. As such, potential clients are converted to actual clients and so enhancing increase in sales. Social media traffic created in Boost organization is of higher percentage compared to the one created in their website. It is not easy to ask users of social media to leave that platform and visit the organization website. As such the company engage content and ads that are well formulated and compel a call to action that attract consumers to have a look at the properties of the website. [18] Users of social media engage on the channels first for personal needs. Therefore, Boost company take advantages of this and focus on their audiences job titles, interests, and demographics. This provide Boost with an opportunity to divide personal messages based on the requirement. Through the use of Social media channels, Boost is able to see consumers in their true dwelling. They are able to uncover who their consumers interact with, what their tv shows are, their work place among others. [19] However, the business may also experience some setbacks due to this fact. The setbacks include: The companys brand is represented by its employees- the brand of Boost company is represented by its employees. It is hard for the company to control their staffs activities on social media. If the employees discuss matters of the company on such platforms without appropriate authorization, it can lead to destruction of companys reputation and pose a challenge to its other investors. Channels of social media can be engaged by multiple users through individual content such as tweets or posts. Boost company engage in such single content by either liking or commenting. However, some of the contents can be negative and so by company liking or commenting on the post can lead to destruction of the companys reputation, reaching to most followers who extend it to larger audience.[20] Social media makes it hard to rectify mistake made on social media. Boost company may mistakenly post something confidential on the social media. Once such statements are released on channels of social media they travel very fast and it becomes hard to correct it. mistakes like circulation of confidential information are hardly reversible on these platforms. Customers of Boost company can use platforms of social media to complain on the organizations services and products. The more the complains are received the more the brand reputation is destroyed. [21] Since most platforms of social media are free, Boost company may take more time focusing their audience on those channels. As much as those channels are free, the organization should understand that time is essential and should be accounted for not only through social media but other activities. The fact that social media channels are free it becomes easier and simple daily for people to post spams and irrelevant information. As such Boost company may find it difficult to reach the targeted audience with informative and valid messages.[22] Recommendations Social media is very important to any business but also a business should know how to handles and address social media matters. The following steps can be implemented by Boost in order to enhance social media presence and dominance: It is important to develop a working strategy. Identify the objectives the objectives that you would want to gain by using social media. Carry out a survey on the different social media channels and ask different individuals about their opinion on their products and services they would like to get. The platform to be used is also very essential. First you have to identify which platform holds many potential customers, engage them, conduct customer support and carry out promotions and marketing. Construct a social media team thats is objectives would be solely PR, promotion, engaging and responding to customers queries. This team is responsible for making sure that business image is protected on social media at all time. Sometimes the owners can take this responsibility depending on the size of business enterprise. The social media should be skilled and informed, should be knowing what is trending. What customers are talking about and customize their services depending on that. The content that is posted on social media is very critical. Any wrong post can lead to destruction and so it is important to ensure that the right content is always posted. Also it is important to ensure that the content is informative and is passing the information that is desired. 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MacIntyre, "A Comparison of Need within a Social Business Model: Residentially Stable and Residentially Unstable Substance Abusers," Open Journal of Social Sciences, vol. 3, pp. 113-121, 2017. Y. K. Dwivedi, M. Ma?ntyma?ki, M. N. Ravishankar, M. Janssen and M. Clement, Social media : the good, the bad, and the ugly, Switzerland: Springer, 2016. T.-S. Lee, B.-C. Shia and C.-L. Huh, "Social Media Sentimental Analysis in Exhibitions Visitor Engagement Prediction," American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, vol. 6, pp. 392-400, 2016. K. Leland, Brand Mapping Strategy., Irvine, UNITED STATES : Entrepreneur Press, 2016.