business plan - 1299 Words

The Business plan LOTUS Sun-Block Cream The Business plan could take hundreds of hours to prepare, depending on the experience and knowledge of the entrepreneur as well as the purpose it is intended to serve m It should be comprehensive enough to give any potential investor a complete picture and understanding of the new venture and will help the entrepreneur clarify his or her thinking about the business. 1. Introductory Page: 2. Executive Summary 3. Environmental and Industry Analysis 4. Description of Venture 5. Production Plan : The function of a manufacturing enterprise responsible for the efficient planning, scheduling, and coordination of all production activities. The planning phase involves forecasting demand and†¦show more content†¦B2B marketers should list your target audiences by category (such as lawyers, doctors, shopping malls) and include any qualifying criteria for each. Section 3- Goals: In one page or less, list your company s marketing goals for the coming year. The key is to make your goals realistic and measurable so that you can easily evaluate your performance. Increase sales of peripherals is an example of an ineffective goal. You d be in a much better position to gauge your marketing progress with a goal such as, Increase sales of peripherals 10 percent in the first quarter, 15 percent in the second quarter, 15 percent in the third quarter and 10 percent in fourth quarter. Section 4: Strategies and Tactics: This section will make up the bulk of your plan, and you should take as much space as you need to give an overview of your marketing strategies and list each of the corresponding tactics you ll employ to execute them. Here s an example: A client of mine markets videotape and equipment. One of her goals is to increase sales to large ministries in three states by 20 percent. Together we ve developed a strategy that includes making a special offer each month to this prospect group, and one of her tactics is to use monthly e-mails to market to an in-house list. Your tactics section should include all the actionable steps you plan to take for advertising, public relations, direct mail, trade showsShow MoreRelatedBusiness Plan For A Business Essay1708 Words   |  7 Pagesbrand-new business, expand an existing company, or get financing for a business venture, you will need to write a business plan. A business plan not only lends your business a sense of credibility, but also helps you to cover all your bases, increasing your chances of success. Although writing a business plan can be a lengthy, intimidating project, it is not necessarily difficult. Here is an overview of how to write a successful business plan. What to Include in Your Business Plan Your businessRead MoreBusiness Plan For A New Venture1355 Words   |  6 PagesA business plan can be used for beginning a new business, to create a more profitable business or for consideration of new services and ideas. A business plan is a written document that gives details on a business idea or venture and present the outlook of the business over a number of years. This plan will guide the business project management and operations, assist in vital decisions and measure performance. There are many types of business plans and not one of them is considered a universal planRead MoreEssay about Creating a Business Plan1119 Words   |  5 Pagesyou must have guidelines, so to speak, to know where you are heading in the future. That is why before you can start a business you need to draw up a detailed business plan. Business plans are considered blueprints. A business plan is what is needed to get your business off the ground and to attract potential investors. A business plan is way to show that you are in the business to make money. Introduce the company and the product/service idea for the new venture. Triple S Night Club is a new companyRead MoreBusiness Plan For An Casual Dining Mexican Restaurant1804 Words   |  8 PagesThe critical analysis essay is based on the business plan of an upcoming casual dining Mexican restaurant in an upmarket locality of Benowa Gardens, Gold Coast, Queensland. The restaurant is called Burrito Bar, which specialises in modern Mexican food along with alcoholic drinks and operates on a franchising model. The business plan was made by one Mr.Paddu for the purpose of procuring a bank loan/private funding to kick-start the project. The business plan follows the general format used in the restaurant/hospitalityRead MoreRenee Business Plan5082 Words   |  21 PagesBusiness Plan for a Startup Business The business plan consists of a narrative and several financial worksheets. The narrative template is the body of the business plan. It contains more than 150 questions divided into several sections. Work through the sections in any order that you want, except for the Executive Summary, which should be done last. Skip any questions that do not apply to your type of business. When you are finished writing your first draft, you’ll have a collection of small essaysRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Business1546 Words   |  7 Pagesenterprise, especially a business, usually with considerable initiative or risk†. They are usually characterized as people with greatly valued self-reliance, with high optimism and people who who strive for distinction through excellence. I am interested in starting my own basketball business and becoming an entrepreneur. In order to start a business I need a business plan. From research, I have learned that my business plan needs to have an executive summary, identification of my business, financial recordsRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Business840 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Business plans are statement of a business goals, reason they are attainable and plans on meeting it’ (FoxBuisness, 2013). A business plan maps the course and gives a detail plan on how these goals are achievable. It is also important to establish a solid business plan for funding. Some small business use venture capital, bank loans, personal funds, and private investors as sources of funding. The business plan must therefore, sell investors. A well-written convincing business plan can buy investorsRead MoreBusiness Plan1439 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Plan What is Blueberry Nights? Type: bar and restaurant for young people Category: II. class Service method: plate service Menu type: A’la Carte Opening hours: Sunday to Wednesday 10:00-22:00 Thursday to Saturday 13:00-05:00 No day off Target market: students, tourists and residents Location: Budapest, Margit kà ¶rà ºt Few steps from Margaret Island Easy to reach by tram Seating capacity: 120 (80+40) 1st floor: kitchen area, 80 seated restaurant, bar, armchairsRead Morebusiness plan5494 Words   |  22 Pagesbecause we as a young generation that want to open new shop sold the â€Å"Keropok Leko†. OBJECTIVE OF THE ORGANIZATION Every business opportunity begins with the existence of various customers needs and wants for particular product or service. A need is something that is basic in life such as food, clothes and shelter. Therefore, our companies take these advantages and venture a business based on food industries. Our main activity is to manufacture keropok lekor that is made from fish paste, flour, and saltsRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Business1866 Words   |  8 Pages Business Plan Buiness model in theory and practice according to Wikipedia is used for a broad range of informal and forma l descriptions to represent the core aspects of a business, including the purposes of that business, its process, target customers, of ferings, strategies , infrastructure, organizational structures, trading practice, and operational processes and policies . Below, we would look at two kinds of business model (franchise and tradition al business) , their pros and cons, o r their

Law And Ethics Of Medicine - 1860 Words

Nancy J Long 823 S. George St, Front York, PA 17403 ID# 22421209 Law and Ethics in Medicine HIT 105 Research project number: 40936500 1) Does HIPAA affect a patient’s right to access his/her medical records or determine who can see the information? If so, describe the patient’s right. What can a patient do if he/she believes the rights are being denied? According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services many consumers want to engage in a more active role with regards to their health care, therefore, it is important to know your rights with regards to obtaining and protecting (called the right to access) your personal health information (Department of Secretary Access Memo, 2016). To improve the efficiency and effectiveness of a law passed in 1996 known as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), a new appendage known as the Privacy Rule became effective in April of 2001 (Privacy Rule General Overview, 2015). This rule set national standards for the protection of individually identifiable health information and as a result, the patient’s rights over their personal health information. With a few exceptions, as the patient, you have the right to view or request a copy of your records from most doctors, hospitals, pharmacies or health insurance providers. Take the time inspect and review yo ur medical and billing records for accuracy and be sure to notify the necessary parties of any wrong or incomplete information you may findShow MoreRelatedEthics in Medicine : the Relationship Between Law and Medical Ethics:1271 Words   |  6 PagesThe essay will discuss the ETHICS IN MEDICINE : The Relationship Between Law and Medical Ethics: Dispute and Legal Issues: A 32 year old woman was admitted to the Trauma Intensive Care Unit following a motor vehicle accident; she had multiple injuries and fractures, with several complications which continued to develop over the first couple of weeks. The patient rapidly developed Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome, was on a ventilator, and was continuously sedated. Shortly after the patientsRead MoreEssay on Medicine and Law1057 Words   |  5 Pagesbut became insane while in prison. Medicine is supposed to heal people, not prepare them for execution; a law that asks doctors to make people well so that the government can kill them is an absurd law, said David Kaczynski, the executive director of New Yorkers Against the Death Penalty . There are many arguments in this passage. The first argument is this passage is â€Å"medicine is supposed to heal people, not prepare them for execution†. The premise is â€Å"medicine is supposed to heal people, not prepareRead MoreThe Importance Of Professional Conduct Within A Healthcare Industry Essay1456 Words   |  6 Pagesprograms; designing quality improvement projects; focusing on patient-centered care, by being involved with the clinical systems process. Law sources in America, relative legal procedures, and the related court system. According to the American Journal of Public Health, (2005) the two most important sources of authority for modern governments are law and science. Law and science are the two powerful generators of trust that is used to honor the legitimacy of the public with decision-making (JasanoffRead MoreNursing Practice And Patients Rights And Safety1549 Words   |  7 Pagesexperience I am writing a commentary, described an incident in which a nurse administered expired medicine to the patient and was totally unaware about it. From her case narration, sequentially, I noted down some possible reasons that might be behind this error like limited staffs, inexperienced staff, hurry to finish work, pharmacist’s carelessness and ignorance of the nurse. Another vital principle of law and ethics in nursing was also mentioned in the event, which is record keeping. So I will also discussRead MoreEthics Are The Foundations Of Society1281 Words   |  6 PagesEthics are the foundations of any soc iety in which any group of organisms lives. From the dawn of social behavior in animals, the preservation of lives and well-being has been at the forefront of a population’s goals. This is because this method of survival works. We kept one another alive because we all wanted to stay alive. We treated each other with the dignity with which we wanted to be treated. However, we have come to a point beyond using only the base instincts we have to keep individualsRead MoreThe Constitutionality of Physician Assisted Suicide Essay example1304 Words   |  6 Pagesmedication administered by a doctor at the explicit request of the patient – euthanasia). In recent years the debate over a patient’s possible right to the aid of a physician in committing suicide has become one of the most discussed issues in medical ethics. The argument for and against PAS is not something unique to this century. It has been going on since the time of the ancient Greeks. The Hippocratic Oat h has been called the most widely known of Greek medical texts. It required that physicians promiseRead More Codes of Ethics in Health Care Essay995 Words   |  4 Pagesprovide a procedure if a code violation occurs. Medical ethics began as a professional code for physicians and has now expanded and includes a variety of health care professions and health care organizations. The growth of medical knowledge and technology have grown so have the concerns that ethical standards and issues facing our society today may be compromised or not appropriately addressed (Littleton et al., 2010). Identify Codes of Ethics Applicable in My Professional Practice I am a memberRead MorePatient Safety Is Vital For The Practice Of Medicine979 Words   |  4 PagesPatient safety is vital in the practice of medicine. In medical laboratory science, we may not have a direct contact with the patient, but every duty we perform can affect the outcome of the patient’s health. Patient safety involves being able to collect samples and follow the protocols for the test result. Accuracy in medicine may be a very high standard, but it is worth it when it comes to a patient’s life. A medical practitioner should always have the expectation not to incur more harm on theRead MoreTransition Paper1210 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Transition Paper Assignment NR 101 Ethics in Nursing In the world of medical ethics no sector of healthcare has been under more scrutiny and has drawn more phisophical debates, been under review or been a more sensitive and critical part of the healthcare field than the world of ethics in the field of nursing. Nursing is one of the most pivotal aspects of every medical practice in the world. And today the importance of nursing ethics is ruling right up there with the importance of oxygen. Read MoreThe Ethical Relationship Between Technology and Medicine Essay1315 Words   |  6 PagesSociety is not the only dynamic entity in the doctor-patient relationship. Medicine as a science is in perpetual change, while medicine as an art is marked by constancy and fidelity. The science of medicine and the rapid change of technology applied to medicine, involving the possibility that there may be conflict between the practice, innovation and what the public demand. This conflict could undermine the social contract of medicine and it must be a ddressed firmly. Provided that the practice is challenged

Ecostore and Sustainability

Question: Discuss about the Ecostore and Sustainability. Answer: Introduction The need for a sustainable environment is at a zenith in todays world. With the increasing carbon foot print, the number of chemicals used in products, pollution, effects of greenhouse gases and so on, the population globally are fighting to find ways to make the environment more habitable (Blowers, 2013). However, the actually output of ecological and environmental stores and products available is low. It is to say that we are at the beginning of an era where the ecology is given more importance than profits (Ganesh, 2014). One of the key motivations to do the same is the effects the current practices are having on the human body. A huge numbers of new diseases and several kinds of cancer can be considered as a result of the current lifestyle (Hemmelskamp, 2013). There are several entrepreneurs around the globe who have realized to step up and take charge in making the environment a safer place to live in. Ecostore is one such initiative by Malcom Rands who realized that despite using organic practices, the number of chemicals used day to day products have a negative effect on the health. With a spirit to place the health of individuals first Malcom along with his wife and other experts has found innovative products that are plant based using ingredients that are safest for the customer. With stores in Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Singapore, and USA the company through its global presence has made an impact on the global customers to use products that are not only healthy for the individual but for the environment as well. Ecostore, has put forward a new kind of business idea that focuses on customers rather than on profits. It has opened doors to a new way of gaining loyal customers. This has put the Australian market on the map as the country itself has made way to several innovative and eco-friendly products. Sustainable Practices at Every Step Ecostore has made sure that the concept of sustainability is embedded at every single step in their organization (Pearce, 2013). Just creating products that are sustainable is not enough. The ideology itself should be embedded within the organization to ensure that the company is actually making an impact on the world. Organizational Behavior Organizational behavior is corresponds to the understanding of how humans behave in an organizational set up (Langton, 2013). Every person have their individual traits and have a tendency to put forth their best foot forward in an organizational set up. How humans communicate with each other inside an organization determines the organizations behavior as a whole (Wilson, 2013). The organizational behavior can be classified as behavior between individuals of an organization, behavior in a work group and behavior of the organization as a whole. The behavior is impacted by the path laid down by the management and how the employees are expected to behave (Lee, 2013). The policies and rules laid down all effect the behavior Sustainable development in business relates to ecological sustainability, social sustainability etc. which are all a movement towards corporate social responsibility (Wheeler. 2013). Eco efficiency is another quality that is required to be imbibed in the culture. Production of ecological efficient products and practices that are not harmful to the environment are taken up by the organizations. Several companies such as ecostore, Unilever, Nike have taken up sustainability as the heart of their business. At ecostore each individual aims at improving the health of their customers. These indirectly involve improving their own quality of life. The employees are given continuous opportunities to find ways as an individual and a group to improve the environmental practices. With No Nasty Chemicals as their primary agenda, ecostore supports initiatives from the house of the employee. They believe that changing the way they live it what will effectively change the way the company works. Human Resource Management Employees are the heart of any organization. It is only through employees organization goals, vision and mission can be achieved (Mondy, 2016). Hence, recruiting the right kind of employees and creating a right environment has a high effect on how the organization works. Every employee needs to be valued and have to be given importance (Mathis, 2016). Their ideas need to be considered to ensure that employees feel involved. All this is a part of human resource management. Several theories and practices are developed over the years in an effort to understand the best way to manage the employees. (Hendry, 2012) However, every company has its own practice. The reason being, that every company works for a different motive (Bennett, 2014). Some want to make profits while some want to make difference. Ecostore has made sure that the employees of the company are given high priority. Each and every employee that worked for the company are handpicked and are only recruited when they are as driven about sustainability as the CEO Malcom Rands is. His partner Melaine was his first resource who shared with him the vision to provide products that are ecological sustainable and have no nasty chemicals in them. Their prime chemist, a winner of New Zealander of the year award, Sir Ray Avery is the a gem, who along with his team of scientist finds ways to develop alternate ingredients to the generally used chemicals in cleaning and bathing products. Every employee at Ecostore is valued and their opinion matter. The home of the company today is finding ways to become an Eco village. Partner ideas are valued so much to the extent that the company has funded organic gardens idea that has been brought up one of their own employee. With only 20 odd employees and a revenue of $33 million, the compa ny is indeed working towards a sustainable environment. International Business Globalization is not a new word in todays era. Every company aims to have a global reach and supply to customers are around the world (Beck, 2015). There are several companies that have international presence and there are several others finding ways to have a global presence. All the same, these companies are in a tough competition to reach to as many customers as possible. International business requires a significant man power especially in manufacturing businesses (Pieterse, 2015). Also, the taxation, health policies and other trade policies also determine how well a company can penetrate into the global market. Ecostore is a company that believes that a reach to a global market would help more customers migrate into the habit of buying products that have few chemicals and more plant based products. However, it is not simple to work internationally. The sheer amount of monetary input required to set up a retail store is demanding. However, ecostore today is growing steadily. The company had made an intelligent way to penetrate into the international market. Starting with New Zealand the company moved to Australia the very sibling of its birth country. With similar policies and wider customer base Australia has proven to be a great market to help the world realize what has been going wrong with the products currently in use. They later migrated to the closer neighbors Singapore and Hong Kong and now to USA. The company in its international journey made sure that the manufacturing and transportation of products does not increase their carbon footprint. For the same, the company has set up several retail stores and found ways to recycle the existing products along with the bottle, caps and scoops. They also move around with trucks that collect the recyclable material produced by them and use the same to create new bottles. Technology Management Technology is one of the key factors in companies that are looking for ways to make a difference. The existing technologies are all ways to produce a product. However finding alternatives to these can be challenging (Phillips, 2013). The world has in a very early stage found ways to use chemicals that are harmful to the environment to create daily cleaning products. This has gone to the extent where several of these products if being harmful are being used as either they are cheap or have been used for several years (Johnson, 2014). There is of course a need to change the way these products have been used. At Ecostore sustainability is the key. The whole idea of the company is to find ways to produce products that use ingredients that are environmental friendly and keep the health of the customer a priority. This takes in a lot of investment, a wealth of knowledge and a big scoop of scientific research along with technical inputs. The key factors are to find products that are sustainable. The company develops ingredients that are plant based and mineral sourced as a replacement to harmful chemicals. To make sure that everything they produce is ecofriendly they have used technology is the most effective way. The company produces packing methods that enable the same. Laundry boxes are made from NZ PEFC, Auto dish tab boxes are 85% recyclable and ecostore bottles are of high density polyethylene. Even the measuring scoops are of 100% regrind plastic and their labelling is fully recyclable and need not be removed for recycling.All these indeed have been achieved with the help of recycling technology Innovation at Eco Store The story of ecostore is pretty interesting. The company was set up as Malcom Rands and his wife Melaine discovered that despite all the sustainable and organic practices they have implemented in developing their surroundings including their gardening practices they were still prone to toxic chemicals. A closer look at the products they use from day to day helped them realize that the bath, body care and cleaning products they use may be the culprits. This motivated them to develop products that are healthier and use minimum chemicals. The motivation factor was the impact the regular products had on their own health. The concept of putting health first was an innovative approach in the early 90s as then the products that where cheap or expensive and exotic where popular. It was within months that customers that used these products realized that several skin related diseases where circumcised with the use of these products. This motivated the company further to develop a wider range of products. The company initially began in Auckland but to reduce their carbon foot print moved on to establish retail stores all over New Zealand and Australia. At ecostore innovation is key for survival. Formulizing products that have close to zero chemicals is challenging and providing such products as competitive prices is difficult. However, with the help of their lead chemist Sir Ray Avery, their aim is to keep finding safer alternative to any ingredient such as SLS, CAPB, tricolsan etc. that is doubtful in providing safety to the individual using it and the environment as whole. They use only plant sourced and mineral based ingredients as alternatives such as Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil, Butyrospermum Parkii etc. Also, to assess the safety impact of each of the product the company gets assistance from corporations such as Environmental Working Group. Innovation and their principle is also seen in the way the company packs its products. For example the company uses water based adhesive to stick their labels and fully recyclable Polypropylene labels that need not be removed. They also have introduced a closed loop recycling trial to recycle ecostore bottles that are used in creating new bottle and laundry scoops. Future Strategies Every company needs to grow especially those that are actively involved in making this world a better place to live. Ecostore has a great scope for further development as the company cares for its customers and have the ability to gain loyal customers. The company is also providing a gateway to the world to adopt to cleaner products and environmentally friendly practices. The below strategies would help the company grow further. Divide and Conquer The company today is relatively small business. Not in the terms of financials but in the terms of human resources. The company has a very small team but has a global presence. This makes the availability of the products a difficult task. The supply chain has be to enhanced and established in accordance to the country in place (Christopher, 2016). The production of products majorly happens in Auckland. However, the production now has to be spread over other countries to supply. There is a need for the company to intake more number of scientists and researches that can be used in developing products. The need to increase the labor not just in one country but in all the countries it works in will help the company look at several other ingredients that are local to a foreign area, thereby increasing their chances of abandoning chemicals all together. Online Sales The company sells its products at major supermarkets including Woolworths and Coles thereby increasing its visibility. It can further increase its market by selling products online. The company today does online sales which are restricted to their own website. However, to reach to a wider area the company needs to find several other online stores that can collaborate and sell the products (Zhou, 2013). The online stores can act as a buffer to make several customers aware of these products thereby increasing the interest of the customer. Flash sales are another great idea to include and grow the customer base. Marketing The company needs to set up its marketing game. The reason being that in order to help a wider range of customers a wider network is required (Armstrong, 2012). With the boom of social media, the marketing costs have become almost insignificant when compared to the revenue they generate. Bases such as Instagram, Facebook provide an opportunity to advertise amongst likeminded people (Jones, 2014). Another efficient marketing strategy is to advertise on YouTube which is the equivalent of the 90s television. A simple 10 sec ad can help the company reach to millions of customers. Conclusion Chemicals are one of the many reasons for the growing number of diseases. These chemicals are often used in the everyday products such as cleaning and bathing products we use. To crumb the negative effects of chemicals ecostore has found ways to produce products that are ecofriendly and healthy to the customer. Their policy of health first and their consistent effort to find alternatives to chemical based products has put the company forth as a global producer of inspiring products that help the world be a better place. References Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M. and Brennan, R., 2012. Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Prentice-Hall, London. Beck, U., 2015. What is globalization?. John Wiley Sons. Bennett, J.M. and Ho, D.S., 2014. Human resource management. In PROJECT MANAGEMENT FOR ENGINEERS (pp. 231-249). Blowers, A., 2013. Planning for a sustainable environment. Routledge. Christopher, M., 2016. Logistics supply chain management. Pearson Higher Ed. Ganesh, V.A., Baji, A. and Ramakrishna, S., 2014. Smart functional polymersa new route towards creating a sustainable environment. RSC Advances, 4(95), pp.53352-53364. Hemmelskamp, J., Rennings, K. and Leone, F. eds., 2013. Innovation-oriented environmental regulation: theoretical approaches and empirical analysis (Vol. 10). Springer Science Business Media. Hendry, C., 2012. Human resource management. Routledge. Johnson, P.F., 2014. Purchasing and supply management. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Jones, C., 2014. Insta-Worthy. Langton, N., Robbins, S.P. and Judge, T.A., 2013. Fundamentals of organizational behaviour. Pearson Education Canada. Lee, R.A., 2013. Organizational behaviour: politics at work. Routledge. Mathis, R.L., Jackson, J.H., Valentine, S.R. and Meglich, P., 2016. Human resource management. Nelson Education. Mondy, R. and Martocchio, J.J., 2016. Human resource management. Pearson. Pearce, D., Barbier, E. and Markandya, A., 2013. Sustainable development: economics and environment in the Third World. Routledge. Phillips, F.Y., 2013. Market-oriented technology management: innovating for profit in entrepreneurial times. Springer Science Business Media. Pieterse, J.N., 2015. Globalization and culture: Global mlange. Rowman Littlefield. Wheeler, S.M. and Beatley, T., 2014. Sustainable Urban Development Reader. Routledge. Wilson, F.M., 2013. Organizational behaviour and work: a critical introduction. Oxford University Press. Zhou, W. and Duan, W., 2013. How Does the Distribution of Word-of-Mouth Across Websites Affect Online Retail Sales?. Available at SSRN 2396072.

Social Services Structure And Function Social Work Essay Essay Example

Social Services Structure And Function Social Work Essay Essay There are many different constructions for different administrations. I am traveling to be explicating the current construction of societal services and am traveling to explicate the consequence of the direction construction whilst looking at the chief services that chief sectors have to offer. I will explicate the operation of one societal work scene and analyze the impact of societal work with respects to a peculiar group. I will utilize a recent instance for my chosen sector and measure the weaknesss of the societal services, who those weaknesss effected and what has been done since to guarantee it does non go on once more. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Services Structure And Function Social Work Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Social Services Structure And Function Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Social Services Structure And Function Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nhssb.n-i.nhs.uk/structures/social_services.gif Above is an illustration of how the Social Services Hierarchical construction looks. It follows the layout of a pyramid and derives into the base of staff degree employees with normally the Chief executive officer or manager at the top. There are many pros to holding an administration construction like this. It allows employees to see clearly who it is they need study to and makes obvious their degrees of duty. This is critical to a societal service administration to safeguard non merely themselves but their service users. A priestly system, nevertheless, does besides hold its disadvantages. It promotes competition which could deflect some who are peculiarly competitory. Martin, J and Fellenz, M ( 2010 ) suggest Often Hierarchies are created non because they are functionally required but because they provide a locale for forcing unwanted people up in the administration or for supplying promotional avenue. These dysfunctional hierarchies are in fact the cause for decreased organizati onal effectivity Another common illustration of organizational constructions is Matrix. The matrix construction groups its employees by map and merchandise. The design of this construction is instead level in comparing to that of the hierarchy. They normally work under the caput of a undertaking director but besides have a functional caput who they would describe to. An advantage of this is that it allows employees to specialize in a specific field but can sometimes besides cause confusion as to who to describe to. Ealing societal services offer many different services: child care and early old ages, bluish badge strategy, kid protection and safe guarding, public assistance benefits low income, furthering and acceptance and attention places. Im traveling to look at Child protection and safe guarding. Below is the hierarchal construction that Ealing usage for their Children in demand squad: Again it is clear to see who is in charge and who each employee needs to describe to. At the top there are the squad directors ; below them is the deputy squad director. The deputy would be responsible for describing to the squad director. Below the deputy there the societal workers and senior societal workers who are both responsible for describing to the Deputy squad director. Below them there are societal worker helpers who report to the societal workers and senior societal workers. Ealing Social services kids in demand squad ( 2011 ) province on their web site: Children in Need squad offer a societal work service to households where kids are deemed to be in demand as defined by subdivision 17 of the Children Act 1989. They work preponderantly with: Children whose names are on the kid protection registry, kids deemed to be in demand of household support services due to an assessed degree of demand and kids with a disablement that is non deemed to be severe and profound the latter are referred to the Children with Disability Team. Social workers will measure household demands and pull up a household support bundle with parents to enable kids to be safely and efficaciously cared for within their households. The squad are seeking to better the lives of their service users by supplying a support which can be authorising. They have a duty to guarantee kids and immature people who may be marginalised are safeguarded whilst advancing their public assistance. They ha ve other squads who they work in partnership with such as the Youth Offending squad who try to forestall re piquing among young persons and supply support for victims of young person offense. These statutory administrations are funded by the authorities. Although these squads do the best they can to better the lives of marginalised kids and young persons, errors can and make go on. This can take to drastic effects on non merely the service user but the administration as a whole particularly if one has non followed the codification of behavior provided by the societal services. There was an question made intro the decease of Victoria Climbie Who died aged eight on the 25th February 2000. She died from multiple hurts. Marie-Therese Kouao was Victoria s Aunt and career she lived with her Boyfriend Carl Manning from whom Victoria received barbarous maltreatment from. In 1999 she was foremost taken to the infirmary by her child-minder who suspected the miss had non inadvertent hurts but the physician accepted Kouao s narrative that the lesions were self-inflicted by rubing at itchs sores. The kid protection governments were alerted as a safeguard. Social worker Lisa Arthurworrey and PC Karen Jones were assigned to the instance and conducted a place visit. Subsequently the same twelvemonth Victoria was admitted to hospital once more. This clip for scaulding to her caput and face. Immediately physicians suspected that these hurts were intentionally inflicted. Kouao told Arthurworrey and Jones that the hurts were due to her pouring hot H2O over Victoria s caput to halt her from rubing her scalp and that other hurts on her were caused by Victoria utilizing utensils. These accounts were accepted by the kid protection governments and Victoria was collected from infirmary by Kouao. Evidence reveals that Victoria was forced by Maning to kip in the bath with merely a bin line drive. In the same twelvemonth of 1999 Kouao advised societal workers that Victoria had been sexually assaulted by Maning but withdrew her statement the following twenty-four hours. Personal computer Jones was to look into this but after no answer to the missive she sent to Kouao she took no farther action. Early 2000 Victoria was once more admitted to the infirmary. This clip for a combination of malnutrition and hypothermia and she was transferred to an intensive attention ward. She died the following twenty-four hours. DR Nathaniel Carey, the place office diagnostician examined Victoria and found 128 different hurt s and scars many of which were coffin nail Burnss. He desc ribed what he saw as the worst instance of kid maltreatment I ve of all time encounter. Both Marie-Therese Kouao and Carl Manning were charged with the slaying of Victoria Climbie. When they were interviewed they both claimed that Victoria was possessed. They were sentence to life in prison for what Judge Howkins described as Victoria s lonely drawn out decease . The decease of Victoria could hold been avoided had the right determinations been made from those assigned to protect her. There were gross failures of the system. The inquiry study confirms that there were at least 13 occasions where relevant services could hold intervened and assist Victoria but they failed to make so. This intercession would non hold put heavy demands on staff, or required great accomplishment so it is flooring to all that no action was of all time taken. Another failure was adequateness of the system. Lord Lamming argued that had Ealing, in my position, done the occupation they should hold done on the 2nd twenty-four hours that Victoria was in this state, it is likely that all of the other bureaus would non hold needed to be involved. He besides pointed out that at the clip of Victoria s instance Ealing Social services were passing significantly below their Standard Spending Assessment ( SSA ) on services for kids. Child protection services besides failed Victo ria by failure to implement the Children Act 1989. This was described by Crippling as a fundamentally sound statute law . The chief purposes of the Act are: to convey together private and public jurisprudence in one model ; to accomplish a better balance between protecting kids and enabling parents to dispute province intercession ; to promote greater partnership between statutory governments and parents ; to advance the usage of voluntary agreements ; to reconstitute the model of the tribunals to ease direction of household proceedings. Had this act have been implemented it is about certain that Victoria s terminal would non hold been the calamity that it was. Not merely did these weaknesss have a profound consequence on the service user taking to her decease. It besides impacted the administration as a whole. An enquiry was called after the strong belief of Kouao and Manning. There were inquiries that had been raised about the engagement of societal workers which Carole Baptiste, the Senior societal worker for Victoria s instance, failed to go to. She was tried for intentionally transgressing an enquiry biddings and was fined ?500. Henry ( 2008 ) states the tragic decease of Victoria Climbie, in Haringey, at the custodies of her grandaunt and the adult female s fellow, sparked an independent enquiry by Lord Laming, a kids s measure and structural alterations to societal services sections across the state A database suggested by Crippling was to be introduced which will hold all the necessary inside informations of 11million kids including GP s, Schools and Social workers working with them. There was besides the assignment of a kids s co mmissioner, the meeting of council instruction and societal services sections and the constitution of local safeguarding kids boards, made up of senior council functionaries, societal workers, constabulary, instruction and wellness staff. The review of kids s services has besides been brought under Ofsted s remit. If a kid protection system has different constructions, systems and working in different countries, it has the possible to do serious complications. Because of this there were new local authorities constructions introduced. There was besides a suggestion for a national kid protection bureau but this was rejected. There was besides a recommendation for a new Social services construction which is below: Ministerial Children and Families board National Agency for Children and Families ( Children s Commissioner for England ) Regional Office Local Member Committee For Children and Families Management Board for Services To Children and Families Local Forum Director of kids and households Servicess Social Servicess Safeguarding Children Other Polices Health Servicess In decision the administration construction for the Social Services is critical to the smooth running of the services they offer and to the safe guarding of their service users. If statute laws and policies are non followed so the construction can neglect non merely the administration but the service users. The Hierarchy system is still in topographic point with the Social Services to day of the month and with the alterations that have been implicated to non merely the construction but the administration as whole should guarantee smooth running in the hereafter with right determinations being made by those who need to do them.

Battle of Stoney Creek in the War of 1812

Battle of Stoney Creek in the War of 1812 The Battle of Stoney Creek was fought June 6, 1813, during the War of 1812 (1812-1815). Having conducted a successful amphibious landing on the Lake Ontario side of the Niagara Peninsula in late May, American forces succeeded in capturing Fort George. Slowly pushing west after the retreating British, U.S. troops encamped on the night of June 5-6, 1813. Seeking to regain the initiative, the British launched a night attack that resulted in the enemy retreating and the capture of two American commanders. The victory led Major General Henry Dearborn to consolidate his army around Fort George and largely ended the American threat on the peninsula. Background On May 27, 1813, American forces succeeded in capturing Fort George on the Niagara frontier. Having been defeated, the British commander, Brigadier General John Vincent, abandoned his posts along the Niagara River and withdrew west to Burlington Heights with around 1,600 men. As the British retreated, the American commander, Major General Henry Dearborn, consolidated his position around Fort George. A veteran of the American Revolution, Dearborn had become an inactive and ineffective commander in his old age. Ill, Dearborn was slow to pursue Vincent. Finally organizing his forces to chase Vincent, Dearborn delegated the task to Brigadier General William H. Winder, a political appointee from Maryland. Moving west with his brigade, Winder halted at Forty Mile Creek as he believed the British force was too strong to attack. Here was joined by an additional brigade commanded by Brigadier General John Chandler. Senior, Chandler assumed overall command of the American force which now numbered around 3,400 men. Pushing on, they reached Stoney Creek on June 5 and encamped. The two generals established their headquarters at the Gage Farm. Scouting the Americans Seeking information on the approaching American force, Vincent dispatched his deputy assistant adjutant general, Lieutenant Colonel John Harvey, to scout the camp at Stoney Creek. Returning from this mission, Harvey reported that the American camp was poorly guarded and that Chandlers men were badly positioned to support each other. As a result of this information, Vincent decided to move forward with a night attack against the American position at Stoney Creek. To execute the mission, Vincent formed a force of 700 men. Though he traveled with the column, Vincent delegated operational control to Harvey. Battle of Stoney Creek Conflict: War of 1812Date: June 6, 1813Armies Commanders:AmericansBrigadier General William H. WinderBrigadier General John Chandler1,328 men (engaged)BritishBrigadier General John VincentLieutenant Colonel John Harvey700 menCasualties:Americans: 17 killed, 38 wounded, 100 missingBritish: 23 killed, 136 wounded, 52 captured, 3 missing The British Move Departing Burlington Heights around 11:30 p.m. on June 5, the British force marched east through the darkness. In an effort to maintain the element of surprise, Harvey ordered his men to remove the flints from their muskets. Approaching the American outposts, the British had the advantage of knowing the American password for the day. Stories regarding how this was obtained vary from Harvey learning it to it being passed on the British by a local. In either case, the British succeeded in eliminating the first American outpost they encountered. Advancing, they approached the former camp of the U.S. 25th Infantry. Earlier in the day, the regiment had moved after deciding that the site was too exposed to attack. As a result, only its cooks remained at the campfires making meals for the following day. Around 2:00 a.m., the British were discovered as some of Major John Nortons Native American warriors attacked an American outpost and noise discipline was broken. As the American troops rushed to battle, Harveys men re-inserted their flints as the element of surprise had been lost. Battle of Stoney Creek, June 6, 1813. Public Domain Fighting in the Night Situated on high ground with their artillery on Smiths Knoll, the Americans were in a strong position once they had regained their poise from the initial surprise. Maintaining a steady fire, they inflicted heavy losses on the British and turned back several attacks. Despite this success, the situation began to quickly deteriorate as the darkness caused confusion on the battlefield. Learning of a threat to the American left, Winder ordered the U.S. 5th Infantry to that area. In doing so, he left the American artillery unsupported. As Winder was making this error, Chandler rode to investigate firing on the right. Riding through the darkness, he was temporarily removed from the battle when his horse fell (or was shot). Hitting the ground, he was knocked out for some time. Seeking to regain the momentum, Major Charles Plenderleath of the British 49th Regiment gathered 20-30 men for an attack on the American artillery. Charging up Gages Lane, they succeeded in overwhelming Captain Nathaniel Towsons artillerymen and turning the four guns on their former owners. Returning to his senses, Chandler heard fighting around the guns. Unaware of their capture, he approached the position and was quickly taken prisoner. A similar fate befell Winder a short time later. With both generals in enemy hands, command of the American forces fell to cavalryman Colonel James Burn. Seeking to turn the tide, he led his men forward but due to the darkness mistakenly attacked the U.S. 16th Infantry. After forty-five minutes of confused fighting, and believing the British to have more men, the Americans withdrew east. Aftermath Concerned that the Americans would learn the small size of his force, Harvey retreated west into the woods at dawn after carrying off two of the captured guns. The next morning, they watched as Burns men returned to their former camp. Burning excess provisions and equipment, the Americans then retreated to Forty Mile Creek. British losses in the fighting numbered 23 killed, 136 wounded, 52 captured, and three missing. American casualties numbered 17 killed, 38 wounded, and 100 captured, including both Winder and Chandler. Retreating to Forty Mile Creek, Burn encountered reinforcements from Fort George under Major General Morgan Lewis. Bombarded by British warships in Lake Ontario, Lewis became concerned about his supply lines and began retreating towards Fort George. Having been shaken by the defeat, Dearborn lost his nerve and consolidated his army into a tight perimeter around the fort. The situation worsened on June 24 when an American force was captured at the Battle of Beaver Dams. Angered by Dearborns repeated failures, Secretary of War John Armstrong removed him on July 6 and dispatched Major General James Wilkinson to take command. Winder would later be exchanged and commanded American troops at the Battle of Bladensburg in 1814. His defeat there allowed British troops to capture and burn Washington, DC.

Periodic Law Definition in Chemistry

Periodic Law Definition in Chemistry The Periodic Law states that the physical and chemical properties of the elements recur in a systematic and predictable way when the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number. Many of the properties recur at intervals. When the elements are arranged correctly, the trends in element properties become apparent and can be used to make predictions about unknown or unfamiliar elements, simply based on their placement on the table. Importance of Periodic Law Periodic Law is considered to be one of the most important concepts in chemistry. Every chemist makes use of Periodic Law, whether consciously or not, when dealing with the chemical elements, their properties, and their chemical reactions. Periodic Law led to the development of the modern periodic table. Discovery of Periodic Law Periodic Law was formulated based on observations made by scientists in the 19th century. In particular, contributions made by Lothar Meyer and Dmitri Mendeleev made trends in element properties apparent. They independently proposed Periodic Law in 1869. The periodic table arranged the elements to reflect Periodic Law, even though scientists at the time had no explanation for why properties followed a trend. Once the electronic structure of atoms was discovered and understood, it became apparent the reason characteristics occurred in intervals was because of the behavior of electron shells. Properties Affected by Periodic Law The key properties that follow trends according to Periodic Law are atomic radius, ionic radius, ionization energy, electronegativity, and electron affinity. Atomic and ionic radius are a measure of the size of a single atom or ion. While atomic and ionic radius are different from each other, they follow the same general trend. The radius increases moving down an element group and generally decreases moving left to right across a period or row. Ionization energy is a measure of how easy it is to remove an electron from an atom or ion. This value decreases moving down a group and increases moving left to right across a period. Electron affinity is how easily an atom accepts an electron. Using Periodic Law, it becomes apparent the alkaline earth elements have a low electron affinity. In contrast, the halogens readily accept electrons to fill their electron subshells and have high electron affinities. The noble gas elements have practically zero electron affinity because they have full valence electron subshells. Electronegativity is related to electron affinity. It reflects how easily an atom of an element attracts electrons to form a chemical bond. Both electron affinity and electronegativity tend to decrease moving down a group and increase moving across a period. Electropositivity is another trend governed by Periodic Law. Electropositive elements have low electronegativities (e.g., cesium, francium). In addition to these properties, there are other characteristics associated with Periodic Law, which may be considered properties of element groups. For example, all of the elements in group I (alkali metals) are shiny, carry a 1 oxidation state, react with water, and occur in compounds rather than as free elements.

Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 9

Critique - Essay Example rrupt practices act which was formed with an intention of stopping bribery of foreign official ad prohibit Us citizens and firm from making improper payments to foreign officials. The National Free trade agreements were designed between three countries to remove taxes on products traded and also helped protect copyrights, patents and trademarks. Another similarity is that all this organizations have some sort of controversies and criticisms. At some point it has failed to achieve its goals, interest and objectives. At some point each of this organizations have impacted negatively on the welfare of people in terms of equity, cost – benefits analysis such increasing the rate of crimes, unemployment, increase in social crimes. For example, the removal of taxes on product makes the local industries lose a substantial market share due to foreign stiff competition from superior products. The United Nations Security Council at some time enacts sanctions meant to benefit only its members at the expense of other non-members. The IMF on then other hand offers credit in an unfair manner such as imposing heavy and unfair terms and conditions on the funds to be lent. The member states in all these papers that both members have voting rights and take part in decision making process that affects the operations of each of the organi zations. However, there are different between paper one and paper two. First countries formed in paper one are from Europe for example, the European union which is formed in Europe while in paper two the organizations formed are from America notably the United states of America. It can also be pointed out that the formation of those organization in paper one is signed and ratified by the member states unlike in paper two where the only the head of states are endowed with authority of signing of the agreement. Another notable difference is that those organizations in paper two have been formed to indentify and promote the rights of consumers of

Bogota and Copenhagen Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Bogota and Copenhagen - Essay Example The specific projects in each city that worked towards addressing transportation and mobility issues in dense urban centers where the popularization of the use of bicycles and the dedicated bus that works like a train. Copenhagen is already popular for the use of the bicycle as bicycle lanes were part of the urban design and integrated into the city. Bogota is still in the process of promoting bicycle use among its population. There is, however, one project in Bogota that differs from Copenhagen and that is the use of dedicated buses. This concept is borrowed from Brazil where there are buses that works like a train where it has its own lane and stations.These projects are definitely democratic. In Copenhagen, the use of cheap bicycles is already embedded in the society’s fabric. Efforts have been done in Bogota to raise the social status of using bicycle so that nobody would be embarrassed in using a bicycle. But more than the use of bicycle, the city government of Bogota mak es sure that the use of public transportation would allow its passenger to arrive at its destination in the same time as the use of private cars. This would remove the distinction between the two modes of transportation thereby democratizing mobility. These efforts are both effective because it has achieved its objective of removing the time difference in arriving at their respective destinations. All it takes is a political will. It is not difficult to put dedicated bicycle lanes and to put dedicated lanes and stations to buses.

My Tuesday with Morrie Essay Example for Free

My Tuesday with Morrie Essay Life is a class, from the day we came to the day we leave. In this class, we learn to learn, learn to live, learn to accept relationships, learn to face death, and learn to adapt to this long and fancy journey of life. Since our childhood, we constantly wonder what our futures will be. Our future life style, future career, the coming deterioration of our body functions and even death, are all in blur that whenever we think of them, we will be occupied by fear. Sometimes, we cannot help but ask: what is the feeling of death? Where will we go after we die? It is always hard for us to be easy with death because we fear it. Therefore, we rush to work hard to get what we desire within the short span of life. However, it is a pathetic fact that we are sometimes blinded and lose what we really need when pursuing what we â€Å"desire†. Even worse, we will not realize it until we are about to die. Tuesday with Morrie can help us realize it before hand. My Encounter with Tuesday with Morrie I am really grateful for this course and Miss Yang. Thank you for giving me a chance to read Tuesday with Morrie, a book that enlightened me in understanding the meaning of life. I am the same kind of people as Mitch Albom, who is always occupied by work and spare no time in other parts of life. When I was reading this book on every Thursday, I put myself in Mitch’s position. The Abstract of the Story Tuesday with Morrie tells a real story about an old professor, Morrie  Schwartz, who had been gradually paralyzed by ALS and was about to die. His student, Mitch Albom, accidently saw his professor being interviewed in the television. Shocked by the upcoming death of his dear professor, Mitch went to meet Morrie in order to grasp some time to say goodbye to the professor who inspired him during college. During the last three months, no matter how busy Mitch was, he would went to see Morrie on Tuesdays to attend Morrie’s lessons about the meanings of life. They talked a lot ranging from death, love, marriage to culture etc. Inspired by the lesson, Mitch realized that love dwarfs all the fame and fortune. Luckily, he successfully saved a precious relationship. Three Kinds of Attitudes towards Life Life is the same process for everyone which stars from birth, living to death. However, everyone has his own particular understanding of life. In my opinion, most of the attitudes towards life can be divided into three main categories. Those who have monotonous and dull lives conceive life as a process of birth, eating, drinking, sleeping, getting married, growing old and finally going to the heaven, which is apparently meaningless. The second type views life as a trade. Their theme of life is what they can obtain from life. Their spontaneous reaction to any new experience is bound to be: what it worth to me? In the world built on this kind of attitude, happiness turns out to be a competition. Most people in the modern world are living with this life style where competition and efficiency dwarf everything. The third kind of attitude expresses a theme: what I can bring into life. Their objective is to bring others happiness, which eventually will bring happiness to themselves. I admit that I am in the second category. Tuesday with Morrie taught me how to move into the third. Cherish What You Own at the Present. In Tuesday with Morrie, Professor urged us to remember a philosophy: â€Å"If youre always battling against getting older, youre always going to be unhappy, because it will happen anyhow.† Since we cannot reject it, why don’t we just ignore it and cherish what we have right now? We should enjoy every stage of our lives. When we are kids, we should enjoy playing and being an innocent kid. When we are adults, we should enjoy working hard,  giving out, embracing love and being an enthusiastic adult. When we are old, we should enjoy the peace of life and being an experienced yet calm old man or woman. As long as we accept who we are right now and learn to enjoy it, every stage is meaningful and wonderful for us. Many of us skip other processes lying in the middle but only see the very end of life and therefore rush every day to try to obtain more, more and more. This is not living. Realize What We Need In the modern world, there are innumerable people like Mitch, who was always occupied by his work, by his pursuing of fame and fortune. Though I am still a student, I have already been trapped in this kind of life style, too. Due to the countless homework and researches, I barely have time to have fun with friends or care for my families. I can obtain all I desire but I seldom feel quite happy. I was confused and could not find a way out. Morrie helped me. He said that when you learn how to die, you learn how to live. Death is a wake-up call for all of us. When faced with death, all the fortune and fame, those we desire and fight for in our whole life, become useless. There was an experiment carried out among students. They were given five stuffs, including a box of matches, a Channel perfume, an LV bag, a Benz car and a big house. Everyone was given a few million dollars and they could buy whatever they want. The result shows no one ever chose to buy the matches. However, when the professor assumed that the students were in a deserted island, all the students bought the matches. It is obviously that, compared with a box of matches, those luxuries are of no use in the deserted island. Matches can start fire to warm, to cook and to make signals. That was what they need. Nowadays, people are hard to be satisfied because they are always pursuing things much more than they actually need. If we can learn lessons from Morrie’s death or the students’ realization in the experiment, we can figure out how much we have already owned and suddenly we can get away from the depression of the constant struggle for more and start to enjoy living itself. It is a pity that the modern world encourages the second type of life style I mentioned above. A set pattern designed by the society forces us to struggle  for colleges, exams, promotions, money, marriages, houses and cars etc. It seems every one takes it for granted and has been accustomed to it. We lost our judgment. Morrie, as a man dying soon, told us that wealth could not buy happiness and contentment. Life should not have been that hard. My Changes after Reading the Book When Morrie asked Mitch to drop by every Tuesday, Mitch hesitated and said he might not be able to because he was so busy. However, he made it. After reading Morrie’s fourteen lessons on the meaning of life, I decided to learn from both Morrie and Mitch. I have to abandon my forever excuse: I am so occupied and I have no time. I started calling my parents and my sister regularly and occasionally went out with friends, as well as doing some charity works. Amazingly, it suddenly occurred to me that I am a human, a living human. Though it is hard to suddenly change from type two person to type three, who can live as wisely as Morrie, I am working on it and I am making progress.

The Haber Process :: essays research papers

1. The Haber Process During the first decade of the twentieth century the world-wide demand for ammonia for use in fertilisers (in the form of nitrates) and in the production of explosives for use in mining and warfare could only be satisfied on a large scale from deposits of guano in Chile (2). Though this deposit was of huge size (approximately five feet thick and 385 kilometres long) it represented a rapidly depleting resource when compared to world-wide demand. As a result of this there was much research into how ammonia could be produced from atmospheric nitrogen. The problem was eventually solved by Fritz Haber (1868 - 1934) in a process which came to be known as the "Haber Process" or the "Haber - Bosch Process". Haber developed a method for synthesising ammonia utilising atmospheric nitrogen and had established the conditions for large scale synthesis of ammonia by 1909 and the process was handed over to Carl Bosch for industrial development (1). the reaction is a simple equilibrium reaction which occurs in gaseous state as follows; N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) = 2NH3 (g) heat of enthalpy = -92.6 kJ/mol In predicting how to obtain the highest yield from this reaction we must refer to Le Chatlier's Principle. This states that for an equilibrium reaction the equilibrium will work in the opposite direction to the conditions forced upon it. The conditions most pertinent to the above reaction are temperature and pressure. The pressure exerted by any gas or mixture of gasses in an enclosed space is directly proportional to the number of atoms or molecules of gas regardless of their size or molecular mass. Reference to the above reaction shows that, as the reaction moves to the right the number of molecules and hence the pressure decreases. Therefore the reaction moving to the right (i.e. towards the product required) is favoured by an increase in pressure. With regard to temperature, the reaction moving to the right is exothermic i.e. it gives off energy (in the form of heat). Therefore reference to Le Chatlier's Principle shows that the reaction to the right is favoured by low temperatures. However, when Haber placed the reactants together under these conditions it was shown that the rate of reaction was so slow as to render the process unfeasible as an industrial process. This is because of an unusually high activation energy. The activation energy of a reaction is the energy required by the reactants to achieve an intermediate state required before they form the products.

Market Research †report outline Essay

1. Executive Summary In 2009, the transport and logistics market in the GCC was worth an estimated US$20bn, and is expected to continue growing at slightly more than 10% per annum, rising to US$27bn by 2012. Throughout the logistics value chain, net operating profits range from as low as 5% in air freight, to 15% in warehousing, to as high as 30% in sea freight.i Within this, it is estimated that the market for Fourth Party Logistics services may have the potential to be within the range of 0.85% to 1.8% of total logistics sector revenues by 2012, or between US$228m and US$381m.ii A significant number of factors are driving this growth and profitability. In particular, the relative attraction of the GCC and proximate emerging markets of 2 billion people, offer the promise of growth to many product firms facing a further period of sluggish demand growth in many of the more developed regions, following the severe global recession of 2008-09. Meanwhile, with oil having stabilised at over $70bbl, huge petrodollars have continued to flow into the region, funding on-going infrastructure and economic developments, such as manufacturing, economics and logistics zones, all of which require logistics servicesiii. In addition, rather than yielding a competitive market for logistics, the fragmentation of supply chain service providers, the multitude of logistical difficulties faced, and the myriad other free market impediments in the GCC, have all conspired to cause a high cost, high profit industry, with no

Analyzing Anna O, Freud. Breuer, Jung

Analyzing Anna O Examining the theories of Sigmund Freud, Joseph Breuer and Carl Jung March 20, 2013 1 Bertha Pappenheim, better known as Anna O, in the world of psychology, was 21 years old when she first became a patient of Dr. Josef Breuer. She was said to be a gifted girl, with a high intellect. Sadly, however, she had a series of psychological and physical disturbances that rendered her almost incapable of functioning. â€Å"She suffered from a rigid paralysis, accompanied by loss of sensation, of both extremities on the  right side of her body; and the same trouble from time to time affected her on her left side.Her eye movements were disturbed and her power of vision was subject to numerous restrictions. † (freudfile. org) In addition to these problems she also suffered confusion, delirium and alteration of her personality. (This was described as â€Å"absence† at the time) She had head posture problems, and was unable to speak or understand her native language at times. Throughout her treatment with Dr. Breuer, these and other additional conditions would surface. It was during her treatment that Sigmund Freud showed an interest in her case. Breuer was an associate of Freud and had trained under him.Breuer had disagreements with some of Freud’s theories and set out to start his own practice. It was this case that inspired the â€Å"psychoanalytic cure†, which was the start of the widely used psychoanalytic methods used today. At the onset of Anna’s case, Dr. Breuer seemed at a lost with how to treat her. However, as Anna’s treatment progressed, he gained insight when he observed that, â€Å"while the patient was in her states of ‘absence (altered personality accompanied by confusion), she was in the habit of muttering a  few words to herself which seemed as though they arose from some train of thought that was occupying her mind. (freudfile. org) 2 Once Dr. Breuer gained this insight, he engaged in a t ype of hypnosis. Utilizing these words, he enabled her to focus on them as a starting point. By doing this, Anna was able to reproduce the mental thoughts that were occupying her mind when in one of her altered states. As stated above, Sigmund Freud developed an interest in the Anna O case. His fascination with this case led to his publishing Studies in hysteria. It was this publication which establishes Freud as the â€Å"father of psychoanalysis†.At this time, Freud constructs his theory that when the mind is fearful and overly emotional (hysterical), a person may develop disease symptoms. He goes on to explain the techniques of â€Å"free association and dream interpretation†, which, in turn, becomes the core of psychoanalysis. Once this was done, he was able to establish psychoanalysis as a legitimate clinical science. Freud went on the publish Theory on Dreams; The Conscious and Unconscious Mind; The Id, Ego, and Superego; Psychosexual Development, and other theor ies. Freud first published Theory on Dreams in 1899.During the first 6 years after its publication, the book sold only 351 copies. In fact, it took 2 decades before Freud received his fame. A paragraph from the PBS movie Young Dr. Freud summarizes Freud Theory on Dreams. â€Å"He uses dreams and dreaming to develop and weave an entire theory of mental functioning, perception, memory, and wishes. That, I believe, is the reason and the foundation for why it's viewed as a landmark. In the dream book the Oedipus complex is stated, the role of infantile sexuality is recognized. That dreams have meaning is recognized.The patient is asked 3 to free associate. Once you have the dream book you can start business as psychoanalysts because you know – at least you have a hunch of how to do it†. (Young Dr. Freud, 2002) Throughout Freud’s life, many aspiring psychologists were associated with him. In 1906, Carl Jung begins letter correspondence with Sigmund Freud. In 1907, J ung visits Freud in Vienna and writes  The Psychology of Dementia Praecox . Jung resigns from working at the Burgholzli Mental Hospital in Zurich, and visits the USA with Freud.In 1909, he also opens his own private practice of psychoanalysis and continues it until his death in 1967, at the age of 85. During Jung’s early association with Freud, he was a tireless fighter for the Freudian cause, that is, the universal promotion of psychoanalysis. He was swayed by Freud's methodology with the elusive problem of dream interpretation. However, in 1912 he announces his independence of Freud and goes on to publish Neue Bahnen der Psychologie. This independence seems to be a long time in the making.Jung was slowly disagreeing with Freud’s theories, cumulating with his reluctance towards Freud’s theory on the role of sexuality in the psychic development. By 1914 Jung had resigned from all positions he had held. At this time he seems to have gone through his own persona l turmoil, and it was reported he was suffering from moods verging on â€Å"near schizophrenia† (carl-jung. net) There has been a great deal of documentation showing that Jung had an affair with a former patient, named Spielrein, during these years. Perhaps adding to his break with Freud and his sexual theories.Jung felt that Freud’s theories were too extensive, summing up with this quote,â€Å" The great problems of life — sexuality, of course, among others — are always related to the primordial images of the collective unconscious. † 4 As great as the differences were regarding sexuality, a greater one was forming, their views on the unconscious. To Freud, the unconscious encompasses repressed or forgotten thoughts, while lingering within the individual psyche. The unconscious is like a repository for forgotten things of a person’s past.It is absolutely personal and belongs to that individual person alone. Jung, on the other hand, maintai ned there is a personal unconscious, but it rests on a collective unconscious. He felt that the collective unconscious does not derive from the personal unconscious, but it is formed from something that is â€Å"universal in nature. † Jung believed that this collective unconscious is the same in all individuals. Therefore, while Freud believed that everything comes down to a person’s past: family, relationships and repressed sexual wants and confusions.Jung maintained it was the collective unconscious which was â€Å"the great sea† in which everything else in the psyche came from and took shape. When analyzing the case of Anna O, Freud and Jung would have had disagreements. Freud felt the Anna O’s problems most likely stemmed from sexual abuse as a child. In fact, it was his view that eventually led to the rift between him and Dr. Breuer. Freud was also of the mind that this abuse rested completely in the personal unconscious. Jung would not have placed a great importance on a possible sexual abuse.Instead, he would have viewed Anna O through his collective unconscious theory. Jung may have gone so far as equating Anna’s paralyzes, and her dream of the snakes as corroboration to this theory. Siting the universal fears humans have of snakes, going back to the first book of the Bible. 5 To me, Freud would have approached Anna O with many questions concerning her childhood and possible sexual abuse. He would have been determined to find the link between her problems and abuse. Jung, on the other hand, may have placed his attention on making Anna aware of the common fears humans have, and why.While they both may have attempted a form of hypnosis, I do not think they would have succeeded, as Dr. Breuer did. In fact, It is my opinion Anna O was very lucky to have Dr. Breuer treating her and not Freud or Jung. 6 References: http://carl-jung. net/stages Feist, G. , Feist, J. (2009) Theories of Personality www. argosy. edu. myclassroo m. com http://www. freudfile. org/psychoanalysis/annao_case, Sigmund Freud: Five Lectures on Psychoanalysis. http://oaks. nvg. org http://vizedhtmlcontent. next. ecollege. com http://www. pbs. org/youngdrfreud/pages/theories_sexuality , (2002) Young Dr. Freud

Michelangeli essays

Michelangeli essays Michelangeli began playing Mozart Concertos as early as 1947. His favorite concertos are No. 13, 15, 20, 23, and 25. One would be to assuming a 'classical' over 'romantic' in that the former ethos-oriented organization runs against the passion and freedom. But clearly what differs in this case the classical-pathos-ethos from romantic-pathos is the discipline Michelangeli is known to have brought to Mozart. Effects would vary but a central forci is of absence and aloofness associated with that ethos-oriented mode of expression. For instance the Concerts with Giulini in the 1950s is dry as lacking in all visible manifestation of emotions. An attempt disparate as two opposing elements are and desperate as trying to dismiss all possible emotional connections. What is so marvelous is the outcome ascending into ether never to be seen by human eyes. Michelangeli does this as if a performer completely out in the field, from time to time drop in for something here and there. If he is studious and is a student of sport in his studio recording with EMI (EMI References CDH 7 63819 2), Michelangeli here is someone extricating from every conceivable difficulties facing any technician. One could say it is the farthest distance ever run by any Olympian, without sacrificing sanity and integrity. Here ethos greets pathos without scolding at each other, in harmony. Yet the most eerie and unerring phenomenon would occur in June 21, 1956, in Lugano. Michelangeli gives concert on Mozart Concerto No. 15. The Concerto No. 15 here is played with so much speed and augur it flats out the impending phenomenon, withholding it from breaking into the present circumstances. With which speed and surgical accuracy calls only to inspire dread and justify supra-self? Whether he really cares or not, even this would be a harass and would have impact on his 15 with Ettore Cracis conducting, a studio recording, released by EMI (CDM 7692412), in ways it tilts firmest ground h...

The First Five Pages

The First Five Pages The First Five Pages The First Five Pages By Maeve Maddox What can an agent tell from the first five pages of your manuscript? According to Noah Lukeman, plenty. The First Five Pages: A Writers Guide to Staying Out of the Rejection Pile analyzes the types of mistakes that appear in 99 percent of the unsolicited manuscripts received by agents and editors. His experience as a literary agent who has read thousands of manuscripts has led Lukeman to this conclusion: From Texas to Oklahoma to California to England to Turkey to Japan, writers are doing the exact same things wrong. The purpose of his book is to show writers how to be their own first readers. The First Five Pages assumes that by scrutinizing a few pages closely enoughparticularly the first fewyou can make a determination for the whole. It assumes that if you find one line of extraneous dialogue on page 1, you will likely find one line of extraneous dialogue on each page to come. Even before he gets to a discussion of such things as dialogue, characterization, and point of view, Lukeman emphasizes the importance of Presentation. By Presentation he means such purely mechanical matters as paper, margins, and enclosing a stamped addressed envelope. No matter how great the artistic merit of a manuscript, careless packaging can keep it from taken seriously. Such inattention to detail, says Lukeman, may signal carelessness, sloppiness, ignorance or defiance of the industrys standards; that the writer doesnt care enough to do the minimum amount of research to make a manuscript industry presentable. Often when a writers presentation is careless, his writing is too. I especially like what Lukeman has to say about the importance of an extensive vocabulary in creating a clear, specific, distinctive style. He notes a dearth of vocabulary in the work of modern writers: It is as if all of todays writers were working from a high school-level vocabularyand writers who do use unusual words more ofen than not misuse them He encourages writers to enrich their vocabulary by learning not just a words current meaning, but its origin and history as wellnot for mere erudition, but in order to fix the word in the writers mind and make it his own. This extra lore is what I call iceberg information, knowledge that floats below the surface of the writing, adding substance without show. Barely 200 pages in length, Lukemans guide puts the writer in the mind of the agent, packing a lot of insight into a small space. The chapters are brief, but to the point, and each one is followed by writing exercises. For the author who has a novel ready to market, The First Five Pages is a valuable tool for the final revision. You can find the book on Amazon.com. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Book Reviews category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Redundant Phrases to Avoid"Gratitude" or "Gratefulness"?When to Spell Out Numbers

Tax Avoidance OR International Accounting Standards Dissertation

Tax Avoidance OR International Accounting Standards - Dissertation Example Thus, they maintain a liberal tax system for businesses and maintain a more stricter tax system for individuals. Due to this, most businesses have many options of manipulating tax law to their favour in order to pay less taxes. In principle, taxes are paid to promote social justice and assist the government and corporate sector to meet its objectives and needs. If an individual or business entity fails to pay taxes, they are liable to prosecution and this could result in fines or jail terms (Blankson, 2004: 3). This implies that although failure or refusal to pay taxes could have serious consequences, there are some kind of loopholes which can be explored by corporate entities in order to pay less taxes. The ACCA identifies that everyone must arrange his affairs to pay less taxes and it is not even a patriotic duty to pay more taxes (2009). This means that it might be desirable to arrange one's affairs to pay the minimum tax possible. James identifies that â€Å"tax avoidance involv es the taxpayer using the tax rules to his best advantage to minimise his tax liability† (2009: 129). Hence, the practice of tax avoidance entails the examination of the tax rules to identify the best way of arranging one's affairs to pay the least possible taxes. However, this theory seem to be in conflict with the normal view and spirit of taxation which is to promote social justice. ... It is said that the largest companies are the ones who hire the best tax lawyers and tax planners to cut down their taxes to the barest minimum (Sims, 2011). So in that case, is tax avoidance really legal or not? Aside that, how is tax avoidance carried out? What are the techniques and strong spots through which tax avoidance is carried out? In practice, what are the most dominant ways that are used by corporate entities to avoid taxes? 1.2 Aims and Objectives This research aims at â€Å"undertaking an enquiry into the concept of tax avoidance and an analysis of the techniques used and the main trends and activities that are used in carrying out tax avoidance†. In doing this the following objectives will be explored: 1. A critical review of the concept of tax avoidance and its relative position in the world of finance and business. 2. An examination of the main areas through which tax avoidance is carried out and the strategies used in carrying out tax avoidance. 3. Analysis o f the role of stakeholders: shareholders, employees and the public in the struggle for tax avoidance 4. A critical view of a moral approach to dealing with tax avoidance in the UK. 1.3 Research Design The research would focus mainly on a critical literature review for various levels of analyses. In arriving at this end, the research would involve a thorough examination of secondary sources like textbooks, journals and cases to ascertain the actual position of tax avoidance in the world of business. The critical review of literature will include an examination of authoritative text in ascertaining the most popular trends and systems that are used in reducing taxes in the corporate sector. This will involve the examination of the key elements and aspects of corporate tax